To better understand the coastal sea level (SL) variations along the western boundary of the North Pacific, we quantitatively estimate the contributions of various forcing to the coastal SL variations on seasonal and longer time scales. Based on a western boundary SL theory and a linear least-squares regression, we obtain a polynomial equation to estimate the coastal SL variations from ocean interior information, atmospheric forcing, as well as local steric effects. The estimated results can explain about 91% (93%) of the SL variations at tide gauges south (north) of the Kuroshio extension jet. It is found that the local thermosteric effect is dominant on seasonal time scales. On interannual time scales, the signals from ocean interior and atmospheric forcing are dominant. For decadal SL trends, the coastal SL rise is mainly resulted from the signals from the open ocean. With the same polynomial equation, the SL variations at 6 new tide gauges were estimated and compared to the nearest satellite measurements. The newly estimated SL is generally in much better agreement with the tide gauge data than the satellite data. It is promising to apply the newly derived polynomial equation to estimate SL variations along the western boundary of the North Pacific where tide gauge data are not available. Particularly, the approach is promising to estimate the future SL change given the required oceanic and atmospheric conditions.

中文翻译：

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了解和重建北太平洋西部边界的沿海海平面变化

为了更好地了解北太平洋西边界的沿海海平面（SL）变化，我们定量估计了各种强迫因素对季节性和较长时间尺度上沿海SL变化的贡献。基于西方边界SL理论和线性最小二乘回归，我们获得了一个多项式方程，可以根据海洋内部信息，大气强迫以及局部空间效应来估算沿海SL的变化。估计的结果可以解释黑潮延伸射流以南（北）的潮汐仪的SL变化的约91％（93％）。发现在季节时间尺度上局部热固性效应是主要的。在每年的时间尺度上，来自海洋内部和大气强迫的信号占主导地位。对于十年期SL趋势，沿海海平面上升主要是由于公海的信号引起的。使用相同的多项式方程式，可以估算出6个新潮位计处的SL变化并将其与最近的卫星测量值进行比较。与卫星数据相比，新估算的SL与潮汐仪数据的一致性通常更好。有望应用新推导的多项式方程来估算沿北太平洋西边界（没有潮汐仪数据）的SL变化。特别是，该方法有望在给定的海洋和大气条件下估算未来的SL变化。与卫星数据相比，新估算的SL与潮汐仪数据的一致性通常更好。有望应用新推导的多项式方程来估算沿北太平洋西边界（没有潮汐仪数据）的SL变化。特别是，该方法有望在给定的海洋和大气条件下估算未来的SL变化。与卫星数据相比，新估算的SL与潮汐仪数据的一致性通常更好。有望应用新推导的多项式方程来估算沿北太平洋西边界（没有潮汐仪数据）的SL变化。特别是，该方法有望在给定的海洋和大气条件下估算未来的SL变化。