The surface ocean current’s imprint on the wind stress (known as the current feedback) has a significant influence on the wind power input to the ocean. In this study, we investigate the effect of the current feedback on mesoscale eddy energetics in the Kuroshio extension region using a high-resolution (9 km) coupled regional climate model. We perform three sets of simulations: one calculates the wind stress without the surface current, one includes only the mesoscale eddy’s current and another includes the entire current in the computation. In this way, the mesoscale eddy’s current feedback can be isolated and its contribution to the entire current feedback can be assessed. The simulation results show that the mesoscale eddy’s current feedback results in negative wind power input to mesoscale eddies and reduces the surface eddy kinetic energy (EKE) by ~ 20% in the Kuroshio extension region. This negative wind power is compensated primarily by the enhanced conversion from mean flow kinetic energy (MKE) and eddy potential energy (EPE) to EKE and secondarily by the reduced pressure flux divergence and horizontal dissipation. Compared to the mesoscale eddy’s current feedback, the entire current feedback has a similar impact on EKE and the wind power on mesoscale eddies, while it affects the EKE budget differently. It weakens the MKE to EKE conversion partly due to the reduced kinetic energy input to background flows by wind. Correspondingly, the negative wind power on mesoscale eddies is primarily compensated by the enhanced EPE to EKE conversion.

中文翻译：

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洋流-大气相互作用对黑潮延伸区中尺度涡旋能量的影响

表面洋流在风应力上的印记（称为电流反馈）对输入到海洋的风能有重要影响。在这项研究中，我们使用高分辨率（9 km）耦合区域气候模型调查了当前反馈对黑潮延伸区中尺度涡旋能量的影响。我们执行三组模拟：一类计算风应力而不计算表面电流，一类仅包括中尺度涡流，而另一类包括计算中的整个电流。这样，可以隔离中尺度涡流的电流反馈，并可以评估其对整个电流反馈的贡献。仿真结果表明，中尺度涡流的电流反馈导致向中尺度涡流输入负的风力，并在黑潮延伸区将表面涡动能（EKE）降低了约20％。这种负风力主要通过增强从平均流动能（MKE）和涡流势能（EPE）到EKE的转换来补偿，其次是通过减小的压力通量散度和水平耗散来补偿。与中尺度涡流的电流反馈相比，整个电流反馈对EKE和风力对中尺度涡流的影响相似，而对EKE预算的影响不同。这部分地削弱了MKE到EKE的转化，这部分是由于风向背景流输入的动能减少了。相应地，