Global sea-level changes have been a major topic among scientists. Sea-level changes are not globally uniform. Reconstruction of paleo sea-level changes and monitoring of variations in regional sea-level are important to (i) evaluate future sea-level changes, and (ii) predict risk assessment. In this study, we examined sea-level inundation during the middle Holocene highstands based on paleo sea-level indicators along the south and southwest coasts of Sri Lanka. Besides, future sea-level inundation was predicted considering the calculated sea-level trends based on tidal gauge data and high-resolution surface elevation data. Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) is one of the most accurate optical remote sensing methods currently available to obtain high-resolution land surface elevation data. Therefore, in this study, Digital Elevation Models (DEMs) were prepared using LiDAR data for estimating the risk assessment in coastal lowlands. Tide gauge data of Colombo in Sri Lanka (from 2006 to 2017), Gan in the Maldives (from 1995 to 2017), and Hulhule in the Maldives (from 1995 to 2017) showed that sea-level has increased with a rate of 0.288 ± 0.118, 0.234 ± 0.025, and 0.368 ± 0.027 mm/month, respectively. DEMs based on LiDAR data suggested that south and southwest coasts are a risk of future sea-level inundation (height = 0.1–0.2 m during next 50 years and about 0.7 m in height during next 200 years, and distance = about 3.5–15.0 m from the present sea-level towards the inland). Consequently, it is important to consider future sea-level changes in disaster management and mitigation activities along the south and southwest coasts of Sri Lanka.

中文翻译：

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斯里兰卡南部和西南海岸的海平面淹没和风险评估

全球海平面变化一直是科学家的主要话题。海平面变化在全球范围内并不统一。重建古海平面变化和监测区域海平面变化对于（i）评估未来海平面变化和（ii）预测风险评估非常重要。在这项研究中，我们根据斯里兰卡南部和西南海岸的古海平面指标，研究了全新世中期中段海平面的淹没。此外，根据潮汐仪数据和高分辨率地面高程数据，应考虑计算出的海平面趋势，对未来的海平面淹没进行预测。光检测和测距（LiDAR）是目前可用于获取高分辨率陆地表面高程数据的最精确的光学遥感方法之一。因此，在这项研究中 使用LiDAR数据准备了数字高程模型（DEM），用于估计沿海低地的风险评估。斯里兰卡（2006年至2017年）可伦坡，马尔代夫的Gan（1995年至2017年）和马尔代夫的Hulhule（1995年至2017年）潮汐仪数据显示海平面上升了0.288±分别为0.118、0.234±0.025和0.368±0.027毫米/月。基于LiDAR数据的DEM表明，南部和西南海岸有未来海平面淹没的风险（未来50年的高度= 0.1–0.2 m，未来200年的高度约0.7 m，距离=约3.5–15.0 m从目前的海平面到内陆）。因此，在斯里兰卡南部和西南海岸的灾害管理和减灾活动中考虑未来的海平面变化非常重要。