Since the beginning of the twenty-first century California, USA, has experienced a substantial increase in the frequency of large wildfires, often with extreme impacts on people and property. Due to the size of the state, it is not surprising that the factors driving these changes differ across this region. Although there are always multiple factors driving wildfire behavior, we believe a helpful model for understanding fires in the state is to frame the discussion in terms of bottom-up vs. top-down controls on fire behavior; that is, fires that are clearly dominated by anomalously high fuel loads from those dominated by extreme wind events. Of course, this distinction is somewhat artificial in that all fires are controlled by multiple factors involving fuels, winds, and topography. However, we believe that fires clearly recognizable as fuel-dominated vs. wind-dominated provide interesting case studies of factors behind these two extremes. These two types of fires differ greatly in their (1) geographical distribution in the state, (2) past fire history, (3) prominent sources of ignition, (4) seasonal timing, (5) resources most at risk, and (6) requirement for different management responses.

中文翻译：

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21世纪的美国加利福尼亚州，野火：以燃料为主导的火灾与以风为主导的火灾

自二十一世纪初以来，美国加利福尼亚州经历了大范围野火的发生率的大幅上升，通常对人员和财产造成极大影响。由于国家的规模，驱动这些变化的因素在该地区之间并不相同也就不足为奇了。尽管总是有多种因素导致野火行为，但我们认为，了解该州火灾的一个有用模型是按照自下而上与自上而下的火势控制框架来进行讨论。也就是说，明显由异常高燃料负载主导的火灾与由极端风事件主导的火灾明显相关。当然，这种区别在某种程度上是人为的，因为所有火灾都是由涉及燃料，风和地形的多个因素控制的。然而，我们认为，火灾明显可以识别为燃料主导和风力主导，这为这两个极端背后的因素提供了有趣的案例研究。这两类火灾的不同之处在于：（1）州的地理分布，（2）过去的火灾历史，（3）着火源，（4）季节性时间，（5）风险最大的资源以及（6） ）对不同管理回应的要求。