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Soil biotic and abiotic conditions negate invasive species performance in native habitat
Ecological Processes ( IF 4.8 ) Pub Date : 2020-04-09 , DOI: 10.1186/s13717-020-00220-1
Pushpa G. Soti , Matthew Purcell , Krish Jayachandran

Most studies on plant invasion consider the enemy release hypothesis when analyzing native habitats. However, the lower performance of invasive species in the native habitats can be the result of unfavorable soil conditions in the native habitats. While soil biotic and abiotic factors have a potential to restrict the growth of invasive species in their native habitats, our understanding of belowground environment of invasive species in their native habitats is very limited. In this study, we analyzed soil characteristics associated with an exotic invasive plant, Old World Climbing Fern (Lygodium microphyllum), in its native habitat in Australia and the recipient habitat in South Florida. Rhizosphere soil samples from both habitats were analyzed for soil physical, chemical and biological characteristics. Soil characteristics in the recipient habitats were significantly different compared to those in the native habitats. Soil samples from the native habitat had low soil pH, and high concentrations of elements such as aluminum and zinc which are phytotoxic in acidic soil environments. Additionally, mycorrhizal fungi spores were more diverse in the recipient habitat in Florida compared to the native habitat in Australia. Overall, our results indicate that growth of an invasive plant in its native habitats could be restricted by the toxic effects associated with strong soil acidity. Results from this study indicate that invasive plants not only escape from their natural herbivores but also from toxic soil environment in their native habitats.

中文翻译:

土壤生物和非生物条件抵消了本地生境中入侵物种的表现

有关植物入侵的大多数研究都在分析本地栖息地时考虑到敌人释放的假设。但是,本地生境中入侵物种的较低性能可能是本地生境中土壤条件不利的结果。尽管土壤中的生物和非生物因素可能会限制其本土生境中入侵物种的生长,但我们对本土生境中入侵物种地下环境的了解却非常有限。在这项研究中,我们分析了与外来入侵植物旧世界攀登蕨(Lygodium microphyllum)相关的土壤特征,其在澳大利亚的原生栖息地和在南佛罗里达的接收者栖息地。分析了两个生境的根际土壤样品的土壤物理,化学和生物学特性。受体生境中的土壤特征与原生生境中的土壤特征显着不同。来自本地生境的土壤样品的土壤pH值低,并且铝和锌等元素的浓度高,在酸性土壤环境中具有植物毒性。此外,菌根真菌孢子在佛罗里达州的受体生境中比在澳大利亚的原生生境中更多样化。总体而言,我们的结果表明,入侵植物在其原生生境中的生长可能会受到与强酸性土壤相关的毒性作用的限制。这项研究的结果表明,入侵植物不仅从其天然草食动物中逃脱,而且还从其本土生境中的有毒土壤环境中逃脱。来自本地生境的土壤样品的土壤pH值低,并且铝和锌等元素的浓度高,这些元素在酸性土壤环境中具有植物毒性。此外,菌根真菌孢子在佛罗里达州的受体生境中比在澳大利亚的原生生境中更多样化。总体而言,我们的结果表明,入侵植物在其原生生境中的生长可能会受到与强酸性土壤相关的毒性作用的限制。这项研究的结果表明,入侵植物不仅从其天然草食动物中逃脱,而且还从其本土生境中的有毒土壤环境中逃脱。来自本地生境的土壤样品的土壤pH值低,并且铝和锌等元素的浓度高,在酸性土壤环境中具有植物毒性。此外,菌根真菌孢子在佛罗里达州的受体生境中比在澳大利亚的原生生境中更具多样性。总体而言,我们的结果表明,入侵植物在其自然栖息地中的生长可能会受到与强酸性土壤相关的毒性作用的限制。这项研究的结果表明,入侵植物不仅从其天然草食动物中逃脱,而且还从其本土生境中的有毒土壤环境中逃脱。与澳大利亚的原始栖息地相比,佛罗里达州的受体生境中的菌根真菌孢子更加多样化。总体而言,我们的结果表明,入侵植物在其原生生境中的生长可能会受到与强酸性土壤相关的毒性作用的限制。这项研究的结果表明,入侵植物不仅从其天然草食动物中逃脱,而且还从其本土生境中的有毒土壤环境中逃脱。与澳大利亚的原生生境相比,佛罗里达的受体生境中的菌根真菌孢子更加多样化。总体而言,我们的结果表明,入侵植物在其自然栖息地中的生长可能会受到与强酸性土壤相关的毒性作用的限制。这项研究的结果表明,入侵植物不仅从其天然草食动物中逃脱,而且还从其本土生境中的有毒土壤环境中逃脱。
更新日期:2020-04-09
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