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Characterization of charcoal and firewood ash for use in African peri-urban agriculture
Chemical and Biological Technologies in Agriculture ( IF 5.2 ) Pub Date : 2020-03-05 , DOI: 10.1186/s40538-019-0171-2
Dora Neina , Sibylle Faust , Rainer Georg Joergensen

Ample quantities of ashes generated from domestic biomass energy combustion in Ghanaian kitchens are currently disposed of despite their potential agricultural value. This study aimed to investigate the potential agricultural value of charcoal and firewood ashes in terms of differences in the chemical and mineralogical compositions, and to identify the suitability of aqua regia, H2SO4, vinegar and distilled water to extract plant nutrients (Ca, Mg, K, Na, and P). The chemical compositions were determined by atomic absorption spectrometry after extractions with aqua regia, H2SO4, vinegar and distilled water while mineralogy was determined by X-ray powder diffraction. The charcoal ash had 0.2 units, 13 ds m−1, and 7% higher (P < 0.05) pH, EC, and CCE, respectively, than the firewood ash, whereas the latter had 6, 17, 43, and 139 µg g−1 higher (P < 0.05) As, Cu, Mg, and Zn contents, respectively, and more minerals with 86% being Mg-rich. Calcite and calcium oxide were the dominant minerals occurring in both ashes followed by calcium manganate (CaMnO3). Aqua regia and vinegar were suitable for Ca, acidic solutions for Mg, H2SO4 and aqua regia for P with Na and K being virtually soluble in all solutions. Lead, Mn, Ni, and Zn had values in the order of hundreds. Although the ashes differ, they both contain trace elements whose bioavailability may differ and may not necessarily lead to plant uptake after field application. This offers an opportunity for further research into the threshold trace element contents of wood ash and their relationship with plant uptake in different soil pH and soil types.

中文翻译:

用于非洲郊区农业的木炭和薪柴灰的表征

尽管加纳的厨房具有潜在的农业价值,但目前仍在处理由国内生物质能源燃烧产生的大量灰烬。这项研究旨在调查化学和矿物成分差异方面的木炭和薪柴灰的潜在农业价值,并确定王水,H2SO4,醋和蒸馏水提取植物养分(Ca,Mg,K和,Na和P)。用王水,H2SO4,醋和蒸馏水萃取后,通过原子吸收光谱法测定化学组成,而通过X射线粉末衍射法测定矿物学。木炭灰比木柴灰分别高0.2个单位,13 ds m-1和7%(P <0.05)pH,EC和CCE,而木柴灰分别高6、17、43和43。砷,铜,镁和锌的含量分别增加了139和g-1(P <0.05)和更多的矿物(86%)富含镁。方解石和氧化钙是两种骨灰中的主要矿物质,其次是锰酸钙(CaMnO3)。王水和醋适用于Ca,Mg,H2SO4的酸性溶液,P适用的王水,Na和K实际上可溶于所有溶液。铅,Mn,Ni和Zn的值约为数百。尽管骨灰不同,但它们都含有微量元素,其生物利​​用度可能不同,在田间施用后不一定导致植物吸收。这为进一步研究木灰中微量元素的阈值含量及其与植物在不同土壤pH和土壤类型中吸收的关系提供了机会。和更多的矿物质,其中86%富含镁。方解石和氧化钙是两种骨灰中的主要矿物质,其次是锰酸钙(CaMnO3)。王水和醋适用于Ca,Mg,H2SO4的酸性溶液,P适用的王水,Na和K实际上可溶于所有溶液。铅,Mn,Ni和Zn的值约为数百。尽管骨灰不同,但它们都含有微量元素,其生物利​​用度可能不同,在田间施用后不一定导致植物吸收。这为进一步研究木灰中微量元素的阈值含量及其在不同土壤pH和土壤类型下与植物吸收的关系提供了机会。和更多的矿物质,其中86%富含镁。方解石和氧化钙是两种骨灰中的主要矿物质,其次是锰酸钙(CaMnO3)。王水和醋适用于Ca,Mg,H2SO4的酸性溶液,P适用的王水,Na和K实际上可溶于所有溶液。铅,Mn,Ni和Zn的值约为数百。尽管骨灰不同,但它们都含有微量元素,其生物利​​用度可能不同,在田间施用后不一定导致植物吸收。这为进一步研究木灰中微量元素的阈值含量及其在不同土壤pH和土壤类型下与植物吸收的关系提供了机会。王水和醋适用于Ca,Mg,H2SO4的酸性溶液,P适用的王水,Na和K实际上可溶于所有溶液。铅,Mn,Ni和Zn的值约为数百。尽管骨灰不同,但它们都含有微量元素,其生物利​​用度可能不同,在田间施用后不一定导致植物吸收。这为进一步研究木灰中微量元素的阈值含量及其在不同土壤pH和土壤类型下与植物吸收的关系提供了机会。王水和醋适用于Ca,Mg,H2SO4的酸性溶液,P适用的王水,Na和K实际上可溶于所有溶液。铅,Mn,Ni和Zn的值约为数百。尽管骨灰不同,但它们都含有微量元素,其生物利​​用度可能不同,在田间施用后不一定会导致植物吸收。这为进一步研究木灰中微量元素的阈值含量及其在不同土壤pH和土壤类型下与植物吸收的关系提供了机会。它们都含有微量元素,它们的生物利用度可能不同,在田间施用后不一定会导致植物吸收。这为进一步研究木灰中微量元素的阈值含量及其在不同土壤pH和土壤类型下与植物吸收的关系提供了机会。它们都含有微量元素,它们的生物利用度可能不同,在田间施用后不一定会导致植物吸收。这为进一步研究木灰中微量元素的阈值含量及其在不同土壤pH和土壤类型下与植物吸收的关系提供了机会。
更新日期:2020-03-05
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