Eutrophication of natural water is a universal problem. Nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) from agricultural runoff are the main sources of nutrient input, provided that emissions from industrial point sources (IPS) are under control. Therefore, it is of great environmental importance to reduce pollution associated with agricultural runoff as a means of regulating eutrophication levels in natural water. Numerous methods proposed for treating agricultural runoff can be classified into three categories: source control, process control, and end treatment. In this review, major technologies for N and P control from agricultural runoff are summarized along with discussion of newly proposed technologies such as biochar biomimetics and microbial catalyst. Because agricultural runoff (from farmlands to receiving waters) is a complicated pollution process, it is difficult to regulate the nutrients discharged via such process. This review will thus offer a comprehensive understanding on the overall process of agricultural runoff and eutrophication to help establish control strategies against highly complicated agricultural non-point sources.

中文翻译：

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农业径流氮和磷对面源污染控制技术的最新进展：当前做法和未来前景

天然水的富营养化是一个普遍的问题。只要来自工业点源（IPS）的排放得到控制，来自农业径流的氮（N）和磷（P）是养分投入的主要来源。因此，减少与农业径流有关的污染作为调节天然水富营养化水平的手段在环境方面具有重要意义。提出的多种处理农业径流的方法可以分为三类：源头控制，过程控制和最终处理。在这篇综述中，总结了用于控制农业径流氮和磷的主要技术，并讨论了新提出的技术，例如生物炭仿生物和微生物催化剂。由于农业径流（从农田到接收水）是一个复杂的污染过程，很难调节通过这种过程排出的养分。因此，本综述将对农业径流和富营养化的整个过程提供全面的了解，以帮助建立针对高度复杂的农业面源的控制策略。