Advanced sensing techniques are in big demand for applications in hypersonic wind tunnel harsh environments, such as aero(thermo)dynamics measurements, thermal protection of aircraft structures, air-breathing propulsion, light-weighted and high-strength materials, etc. In comparison with traditional electromechanical or electronic sensors, the fiber optic sensors have relatively high potential to work in hypersonic wind tunnel, due to the capability of responding to a wide variety of parameters, high resolution, miniature size, high resistant to electromagnetic and radio frequency interferences, and multiplexing, and so on. This article has classified and summarized the research status and the representative achievement on the fiber optic sensing technologies, giving special attention to the summary of research status on the popular Fabry-Perot interferometric, fiber Bragg gratings and (quasi) distributed fiber optic sensors working in hypersonic wind tunnel environment, and discussed the current problems in special optical fiber sensing technologies. This article would be regarded as reference for the researchers in hypersonic wind tunnel experiment field.

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光纤传感技术可能适用于高超声速风洞恶劣环境

先进的传感技术在高超声速风洞恶劣环境中的应用需求很大，例如空气动力学（热力学）测量，飞机结构的热保护，空气推进推进，轻质和高强度材料等。在传统的机电或电子传感器中，由于能够响应各种参数，高分辨率，微型尺寸，对电磁和射频干扰具有较高的抵抗能力，因此光纤传感器在超音速风洞中具有相对较高的工作潜力。多路传输等等。本文对光纤传感技术的研究现状和代表成果进行了归类和总结，特别关注在高超声速风洞环境中工作的流行Fabry-Perot干涉测量，光纤布拉格光栅和（准）分布式光纤传感器的研究现状的摘要，并讨论了特殊光纤传感技术中的当前问题。本文将为高超声速风洞实验领域的研究人员提供参考。