Aim. There is an increasing interest in the application of BioACTIVE materials to achieve hard tissue formation and maintain pulp vitality. Mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) and Biodentine® are BioACTIVE materials used for pulp capping. Recently, dental researchers have produced BioACTIVE glass-incorporated light-curable pulp capping material. The study is aimed at evaluating the subcutaneous connective tissue reactions to MTA, Biodentine®, ACTIVA BioACTIVE Base/Liner. These materials were placed in polyethylene tubes and implanted into the dorsal connective tissue of Sprague Dawley rats. The presence of inflammation, predominant cell type, calcification, and thickness of fibrous connective tissue was recorded by histological examination 7, 30, and 60 days after the implantation procedure. Scores were defined as follows: 0 = none or few inflammatory cells, no reaction; 1 = <25 cells, mild reaction; 2 = 25 to 125 cells, moderate reaction; and 3 = ≥125 cells, severe reaction. Fibrous capsule thickness, necrosis, and formation of calcification were recorded. ANOVA and post hoc Dunnett's tests were used for statistically analyses (p < 0.05). Results. In terms of oedema, inflammation, fibrous capsule, and necrosis, no significant differences were found in any time period for any material. MTA and Biodentine® showed higher calcification than in the ACTIVA BioACTIVE on day 30, and the difference was statistically significant (p < 0.05). After 60 days, while calcification was not seen in the control group, it was observed in the test groups. There was a statistically significant difference between the control and the others. Conclusion. All materials were well tolerated by the tissues in the 60-day evaluation period. One notable finding is the presence of dystrophic calcification in the connective tissue adjacent to the newly developed BioACTIVE Base/Liner material. Therefore, this new BioACTIVE Base/Liner material may be safely recommended to clinicians as a pulp capping material.

中文翻译：

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皮下结缔组织对三氧化矿物聚集体、Biodentine® 和新开发的 BioACTIVE 基底/衬垫的反应

目的。人们越来越关注使用 BioACTIVE 材料来实现硬组织形成和保持牙髓活力。三氧化矿物骨料 (MTA) 和 Biodentine® 是用于盖髓的 BioACTIVE 材料。最近，牙科研究人员生产了掺入 BioACTIVE 玻璃的光固化盖髓材料。该研究旨在评估对 MTA、Biodentine®、ACTIVA BioACTIVE Base/Liner 的皮下结缔组织反应。将这些材料置于聚乙烯管中并植入 Sprague Dawley 大鼠的背侧结缔组织。在植入手术后 7、30 和 60 天，通过组织学检查记录炎症的存在、主要细胞类型、钙化和纤维结缔组织的厚度。分数定义如下：0 = 无或很少有炎症细胞，无反应；1 = <25 个细胞，反应轻微；2 = 25 至 125 个细胞，中等反应；3 = ≥125 个细胞，严重反应。记录纤维囊厚度、坏死和钙化形成。方差分析和事后 Dunnett 检验用于统计分析 (p < 0.05)。结果。在水肿、炎症、纤维囊和坏死方面，任何材料在任何时间段均未发现显着差异。MTA 和 Biodentine® 在第 30 天显示出比 ACTIVA BioACTIVE 更高的钙化，并且差异具有统计学意义（p < 0.05）。60天后，对照组未见钙化，试验组可见钙化。对照组和其他组之间存在统计学上的显着差异。结论。在 60 天的评估期内，组织对所有材料都具有良好的耐受性。一个值得注意的发现是在与新开发的 BioACTIVE Base/Liner 材料相邻的结缔组织中存在营养不良性钙化。因此，这种新的 BioACTIVE Base/Liner 材料可以安全地推荐给临床医生作为盖髓材料。