Inflammation is a vital physiologic response of cellular injury, infection, or autoimmune activation. Overproduction of proinflammatory mediators may result in the chronic inflammation that leads to many diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, asthma, multiple sclerosis, and atherosclerosis. In this study, we assessed for the first time the anti-inflammatory effects of the essential oils of Amomum aromaticum fruits (AAE) in RAW264.7 murine macrophage model. As a result, AAE potently inhibited the production of nitric oxide in LPS-induced RAW264.7 cells with the IC50 value of 0.45 ± 0.11 μg/ml. AAE also dose-dependently reduced the expression of two proinflammatory proteins iNOS and COX-2 in the stimulated cells. Phytochemical analysis revealed that major compositions of the volatile oils including 1,8 cineole (48.22%), geranial (9.24%), neral (6.72%), α-pinene (2.43%), and α-terpineol (2.28%) may contribute greatly to the inhibition effects due to their anti-inflammatory properties. The results suggest for the potential uses of AAE in chronic inflammation prevention.

中文翻译：

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砂仁果实精油对脂多糖刺激 RAW264.7 细胞的抗炎作用

炎症是细胞损伤、感染或自身免疫激活的重要生理反应。促炎介质的过度产生可能导致慢性炎症，从而导致许多疾病，例如类风湿性关节炎、哮喘、多发性硬化症和动脉粥样硬化。在这项研究中，我们首次在 RAW264.7 鼠巨噬细胞模型中评估了香砂 (AAE) 精油的抗炎作用。结果，AAE 有效抑制 LPS 诱导的 RAW264.7 细胞中一氧化氮的产生，IC50 值为 0.45 ± 0.11 μg/ml。AAE 还剂量依赖性地降低受刺激细胞中两种促炎蛋白 iNOS 和 COX-2 的表达。植物化学分析表明，挥发油的主要成分包括 1,8 桉树脑 (48.22%)、香叶 (9.24%)、天然植物油 (6. 72%)、α-蒎烯 (2.43%) 和 α-萜品醇 (2.28%) 由于其抗炎特性可能对抑制作用有很大贡献。结果表明 AAE 在慢性炎症预防中的潜在用途。