The aim of this study was to investigate the antioxidant effects of flavonoid extract of lotus leaf (FELL) in vitro and in mice with gastric injury and elucidate the inhibitory effect of FELL on alcohol-induced gastric injury by antioxidant capacity. Gastric juice volume and acid value were measured in the established alcohol-induced acute gastric injury model in mice. Hematoxylin and eosin staining demonstrated the morphological changes in the gastric mucosa. FELL improved the alcohol-induced gastric lesions. Serological testing results showed that FELL significantly increased the levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione (GSH), and nitric oxide (NO) and significantly reduced the levels of MDA and MPO in mice with gastric injury. Besides, FELL significantly reduced the levels of interleukin 6 (IL-6), interleukin 12 (IL-12), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), and interferon gamma (IFN-γ). The quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and Western blot results proved that FELL upregulated the mRNA and protein expressions of SOD1, SOD2, CAT, epidermal growth factor (EGF), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS), and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) and downregulated the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in the gastric tissue of mice with gastric injury. Five compounds, including kaempferitrin, hyperoside, astragalin, phloridzin, and quercetin, were detected in FELL using high-performance liquid chromatography. Thus, FELL has an inhibitory effect on experimental alcohol-induced gastric injury because of the antioxidant capacity of the five compounds. Its effect increases as the FELL concentration increases, which is close to that of ranitidine. FELL, which is an active substance, provides a good gastroprotective effect.

中文翻译：

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荷叶黄酮提取物抗氧化能力对酒精性胃损伤的抑制作用

本研究的目的是研究荷叶类黄酮提取物 (FELL) 在体外和对胃损伤小鼠的抗氧化作用，并通过抗氧化能力阐明 FELL 对酒精性胃损伤的抑制作用。在建立的小鼠酒精诱导的急性胃损伤模型中测量胃液体积和酸值。苏木精和伊红染色显示了胃黏膜的形态变化。FELL 改善了酒精引起的胃损伤。血清学检测结果表明，FELL显着增加了胃损伤小鼠的超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、过氧化氢酶（CAT）、谷胱甘肽（GSH）和一氧化氮（NO）的水平，并显着降低了MDA和MPO的水平。此外，FELL 显着降低了白细胞介素 6 (IL-6)、白介素 12 (IL-12)、肿瘤坏死因子α（TNF-α）和干扰素γ（IFN-γ）。定量聚合酶链反应 (qPCR) 和蛋白质印迹结果证明 FELL 上调 SOD1、SOD2、CAT、表皮生长因子 (EGF)、血管内皮生长因子 (VEGF)、表皮生长因子受体 (EGFR) 的 mRNA 和蛋白表达、神经元一氧化氮合酶 (nNOS) 和内皮一氧化氮合酶 (eNOS) 并下调胃损伤小鼠胃组织中诱导型一氧化氮合酶 (iNOS) 的表达。使用高效液相色谱法在 FELL 中检测到五种化合物，包括山奈酚、金丝桃苷、黄芪甲苷、根皮苷和槲皮素。因此，由于五种化合物的抗氧化能力，FELL 对实验性酒精诱导的胃损伤具有抑制作用。其作用随着 FELL 浓度的增加而增加，接近雷尼替丁的作用。FELL 是一种活性物质，具有良好的胃保护作用。