Globally, civil air traffic has been growing rapidly in recent years, and with this growth, there has been a considerable improvement in air safety. However, in Indonesia, the recent rate of incidents and accidents in aviation is far higher than the global average. This study aims to assess civil aviation safety occurrences in Indonesia and, for the first time, to investigate factors contributing to these occurrences within commercial Indonesian aviation operations. In this study, 97 incident/accident investigation reports published by the Indonesian National Transportation Safety Committee between 2007 and 2015 were analysed. The most common occurrences involved Runway Excursions, Loss of Control In-Flight, and Controlled Flight into Terrain. In terms of the likelihoods of the occurrences and the severity of consequences, Runway Excursions were more common while Loss of Control In-Flight and Controlled Flight into Terrain events were more severe and often involved fatalities. In Indonesia, Runway Excursions were usually nonfatal and comprised 45% of the occurrences for commercial flights, compared to 34% globally. Further, in this study, weather and Crew Resource Management issues were found to be common contributing factors to the occurrences. Weather was a contributing factor for almost 50% of the occurrences involving Indonesian commercial flights. Adverse weather contributed to Loss of Visual Reference for visual flight operations in mountainous areas, which contributed to the majority of Indonesian fatal accidents. The combination of Indonesian monsoon climate and mountainous weather characteristics appears to provide many risks, mitigation of which may require specialist pilot training, particularly for multicrew aircraft. In identifying the main contributing factors, this study will hopefully provide motivation for changes in training and operations to enhance future aviation safety in Indonesia.

中文翻译：

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印度尼西亚的民航事故

近年来，在全球范围内，民用航空运输量一直在快速增长，并且随着这种增长，航空安全也有了相当大的改善。但是，在印度尼西亚，最近的航空事故和事故发生率远远高于全球平均水平。这项研究旨在评估印度尼西亚的民用航空安全事件，并首次调查在印度尼西亚商业航空运营中造成这些事件的因素。在这项研究中，分析了印度尼西亚国家运输安全委员会在2007年至2015年之间发布的97起事件/事故调查报告。最常见的事件包括跑道漂移，飞行中的失控和进入地形的受控飞行。就事件发生的可能性和后果的严重性而言，跑道游览更为常见，而飞行中的失控和进入地形事件的受控飞行则更为严重，并且往往涉及死亡。在印度尼西亚，跑道游览通常是不致命的，占商业航班发生的45％，而全球为34％。此外，在这项研究中，天气和机组人员资源管理问题被发现是导致事故发生的常见因素。天气是导致印尼商业航班发生事故的近50％的原因。不利的天气造成山区视觉飞行操作失明，这是造成印度尼西亚大多数致命事故的原因。印尼季风气候和山区天气特征的结合似乎带来许多风险，减轻其影响可能需要专业的飞行员培训，尤其是对于多机飞机。在确定主要的影响因素时，本研究有望为培训和运营的变化提供动力，以增强印尼未来的航空安全。