Biologists are nearing the creation of the first fully synthetic eukaryotic genome. Does this mean that we still soon be able to create genomes that are parts of an existing genetic lineage? If so, it might be possible to bring back extinct species. But do genomes that are synthetically assembled, no matter how similar they are to native genomes, really belong to the genetic lineage on which they were modelled? This article will argue that they are situated within the same genetic lineage. To see why requires closely examining whether material overlap between parents and offspring is a necessary feature of biological reproduction. The processes used to create synthetic genomes shows that these processes are a form of scaffolded reproduction because they use external machinery and take ownership of the material parts used to create synthetic genomes. Closely examining these processes also reveals, surprisingly, that ‘synthetic reproduction’ can take place between entities that don’t participate in the same biological lineages. 1. Introduction2. The Argument for Lineage-less Genomes3. Synthetic Eukaryotic Chromosomes and Material Overlap4. Biological Reproduction, Material, and Information5. Synthetic Reproductive Processes and Their Implications

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合成基因组是遗传谱系的一部分吗？

生物学家即将创建第一个完全合成的真核基因组。这是否意味着我们很快就能创造出属于现有遗传谱系的基因组？如果是这样，就有可能带回灭绝的物种。但是，合成组装的基因组，无论它们与本地基因组多么相似，真的属于它们建模的遗传谱系吗？本文将论证它们位于相同的遗传谱系内。要了解为什么需要仔细检查父母和后代之间的物质重叠是否是生物繁殖的必要特征。用于创建合成基因组的过程表明，这些过程是一种支架式繁殖形式，因为它们使用外部机器并拥有用于创建合成基因组的材料部分的所有权。仔细研究这些过程还令人惊讶地发现，“合成繁殖”可以发生在不参与相同生物谱系的实体之间。1.引言2.无谱系基因组的论证3.合成真核染色体和材料重叠4.生物繁殖、材料和信息5.合成繁殖过程及其影响