Several systematic revisions of the superfamily Palaemonoidea Rafinesque, 1815 (Natantia) have been published, with molecular studies complementing morphological examination. Yet, the true systematic positions of two families within the superfamily have remained uncertain, one of these being Anchistioididae Borradaile, 1915, the second being Desmocarididae Borradaile, 1915. We constructed a further phylogeny of Palaemonoidea based on two mitochondrial and five nuclear markers to resolve this issue. AnchistioidesPaulson, 1875 (the sole genus of Anchistioididae) is recovered nested within Palaemonidae Rafinesque, 1815, calling into question the validity of Anchistioididae as a distinct family. We also review the morphological characters that have been used to support family level status of Anchistioides including mouthparts adaptations, telson ornamentation, larval morphology, the presence of an appendix interna on the first pleopod in both sexes, and the mandible with a distally flared molar process. Although the latter two characters appear to be synapomorphic to the genus, we contend that these are ambiguous and not well founded to support the family-level status of the genus. As a consequence, and supported by the phylogenetic results, Anchistioididae is herein considered to be a synonym of Palaemonidae.

中文翻译：

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根据分子和形态学证据，1915年甲壳纲蛇蝎科（甲壳纲：Caridea）是1815年龙凤蝶的同义词

已经出版了1815年（Natantia）超家族Palaemonoidea Rafinesque的一些系统修订，分子研究补充了形态学检查。然而，超家族中两个家族的真实系统位置仍然不确定，其中一个是1915年的An蝶科，另一个是1915年的弧菌科。我们基于两个线粒体和五个核标记物构建了Pala龙科的进一步系统发育。这个问题。1875年，Anchistioides Paulson（An科的唯一属）被发现嵌套在1815年的拉菲斯克宫（Palaemonidae Rafinesque）内，这使sti科作为一个独立家族的有效性受到质疑。我们还将审查用于支持家庭水平状况的形态特征。附睾包括口器适应，telson装饰，幼虫形态，男女第一个腹足上都有阑尾内膜，以及下颌向远侧扩展的臼齿过程。尽管后两个字符似乎与属相似，但我们认为它们是模棱两可的，不能很好地支持该属的家族地位。结果，并且在系统发育结果的支持下，An科在本文中被认为是Pala科的同义词。