Emerging investigator series: emerging biotechnologies in wastewater treatment: from biomolecular engineering to multiscale integration,Environmental Science: Water Research & Technology

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Emerging investigator series: emerging biotechnologies in wastewater treatment: from biomolecular engineering to multiscale integration
Environmental Science: Water Research & Technology ( IF 3.5 ) Pub Date : 2020-06-10 , DOI: 10.1039/d0ew00393j
Yixin Zhang _{1,

2,

3,

4} , Huan-Hsuan Hsu _{1,

2,

3,

4} , John J. Wheeler _{1,

2,

3,

4} , Sishuang Tang _{1,

2,

3,

4} , Xiaocheng Jiang _{1,

2,

3,

4}

Affiliation

Biological wastewater treatment is the process in which contaminants can be removed or degraded by various microorganisms to eliminate the negative impact on environment and human health. Given the fact that traditional physical and chemical purification methods are high-cost, unsustainable and unspecific, biotreatment is playing an increasingly important role in the wastewater treatment field. The effective implementation of biotreatment strategy relies strongly on the intrinsic degradation capability of the microorganisms as well as their interaction with pollutants. In this review, we will focus on recent technological advances in engineering and improving biotreatment at both biocatalyst and bioreactor levels. Specifically, we will discuss the progress in synthetic biology for enhancing biosorption and biotransformation, and the challenges in applying engineered microorganisms on contaminated sites. We will further review the latest developments in bioreactor design, particularly the prospects of additive manufacturing/bioprinting to further optimize the mass transport inside bioreactors through complex 3-D structures and flexible material selections. These research efforts are redefining the frontier of biotreatment, and opening up new opportunities for cost-effective, efficient, and sustainable wastewater treatment.

中文翻译：

新兴研究者系列：废水处理中的新兴生物技术：从生物分子工程到多规模整合

生物废水处理是通过各种微生物去除或降解污染物以消除对环境和人类健康的不利影响的过程。考虑到传统的物理和化学纯化方法成本高，不可持续且不具特异性的事实，生物处理在废水处理领域中发挥着越来越重要的作用。生物处理策略的有效实施在很大程度上取决于微生物的内在降解能力及其与污染物的相互作用。在这篇综述中，我们将重点关注生物催化剂和生物反应器水平上工程和改进生物处理方面的最新技术进展。具体来说，我们将讨论合成生物学在增强生物吸附和生物转化方面的进展，以及将工程微生物应用于受污染场所的挑战。我们将进一步回顾生物反应器设计的最新发展，特别是增材制造/生物印刷的前景，以通过复杂的3-D结构和灵活的材料选择来进一步优化生物反应器内部的质量传递。这些研究工作正在重新定义生物处理的领域，并为经济高效，高效和可持续的废水处理开辟了新的机遇。

更新日期：2020-07-31

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