Abstract Cynipid gall wasps play an important role in structuring oak arthropod communities. Wasps in the Cynipini tribe typically lay their eggs in oaks (Quercus L.), and induce the formation of a ‘gall’, which is a tumor-like growth of plant material that surrounds the developing wasp. As the wasp develops, the cynipid and its gall are attacked by a diverse community of natural enemies, including parasitoids, hyperparasitoids, and inquilines. Determining what structures these species-rich natural enemy communities across cynipid gall wasp species is a major question in gall wasp biology. Additionally, gall wasps are ecosystem engineers, as the abandoned gall is used by other invertebrates.The gall-associated insect communities residing on live oaks (Quercus geminata Small and Quercus virginiana Mill.) are emerging as a model system for answering ecological and evolutionary questions ranging from community ecology to the evolution of new species. Documenting the arthropods associated with cynipids in this system will expand our understanding of the mechanisms influencing eco-evolutionary processes, record underexplored axes of biodiversity, and facilitate future work. Here, we present the community of natural enemies and other associates of the asexual generation of the crypt gall wasp, Bassettia pallida Ashmead. We compare the composition of this community to communities recently documented from two other cynipid gall wasps specializing on live oaks along the U.S. Gulf coast, Disholcaspis quercusvirens Ashmead and Belonocnema treatae Mayr. B. pallida and their galls support a diverse arthropod community, including over 25 parasitoids, inquilines, and other associated arthropods spanning 5 orders and 16 families.

中文翻译：

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与无性繁殖 Bassettia pallida（膜翅目：Cynipidae）相关的节肢动物群落

摘要 Cynipid 瘿蜂在构建橡树节肢动物群落中起着重要作用。Cynipini 部落的黄蜂通常在橡树（Quercus L.）中产卵，并诱导“瘿”的形成，这是一种围绕发育中的黄蜂的植物材料的肿瘤样生长。随着黄蜂的发育，cynipid 和它的瘿会受到各种各样的天敌群落的攻击，包括寄生蜂、超寄生蜂和 inquilines。确定这些物种丰富的天敌群落在 cynipid 瘿蜂物种中的结构是瘿蜂生物学中的一个主要问题。此外，胆黄蜂是生态系统工程师，因为其他无脊椎动物会使用废弃的胆汁。 生活在橡树上的胆相关昆虫群落（Quercus geminata Small 和 Quercus virginiana Mill。) 正在成为回答生态和进化问题的模型系统，范围从群落生态学到新物种的进化。在该系统中记录与 cynipids 相关的节肢动物将扩大我们对影响生态进化过程的机制的理解，记录未充分探索的生物多样性轴，并促进未来的工作。在这里，我们介绍了隐窝黄蜂 Bassettia pallida Ashmead 无性一代的天敌和其他同伙群落。我们将这个群落的组成与最近从美国墨西哥湾沿岸专门捕食活橡树的另外两种 cynipid 瘿蜂（Disholcaspis quercusvirens Ashmead 和 Belonocnema Treatae Mayr）中记录的群落进行比较。B. pallida 及其虫瘿支持多样化的节肢动物群落，包括超过 25 种寄生蜂，