Mitochondria are highly mobile organelles due to fission, fusion, transport, and mitophagy, and these processes are known as mitochondrial dynamics. Mitochondrial dynamics play an important role in energy production, cell division, cell differentiation, and cell death. In the past decade, numerous studies have revealed the importance of mitochondrial metabolism in immunity, and mitochondrial dynamics are essential for immune responses mediated by various cell types. In this review, we mainly discuss the role of mitochondrial dynamics in activation, differentiation, cytokine production, and the activity of related pathways in immune cells, particularly T cells, B cells, and other cells involved in the innate immune response.

线粒体由于裂变，融合，运输和线粒体吞噬而成为高度可移动的细胞器，这些过程被称为线粒体动力学。线粒体动力学在能量产生，细胞分裂，细胞分化和细胞死亡中起重要作用。在过去的十年中，大量研究揭示了线粒体代谢在免疫中的重要性，而线粒体动力学对于各种细胞类型介导的免疫反应至关重要。在这篇综述中，我们主要讨论线粒体动力学在激活，分化，细胞因子产生以及免疫细胞（尤其是T细胞，B细胞和其他参与先天性免疫反应的细胞）中相关途径的活性中的作用。