Abstract Expanded graphite embedded with amorphous carbon-coated aluminum particle (C@Al–EG) composites were in situ synthesized by chemical vapour deposition (CVD) and ball-milling methods using EG and metallic aluminum as raw materials. Using the characterization and analysis of scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, alternating current impedance and first charge–discharge curves, the different Al contents in C@Al–EG composites were studied, and the experimental results show that the best performing content for Al was 30 wt%. The C@Al–EG composites exhibited high capacity, excellent cycle stability and rate performance as anode materials for lithium-ion batteries. At a current density of 100 mA h/g, the first reversible capacity of C@Al–EG composites was 401 mA h/g, and the decreasing speed of capacity was slow, with the specific capacity remaining at 381 mA h/g after 50 cycles. The retention rate was up to 95%.

中文翻译：

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原位合成嵌入无定形碳包覆铝颗粒的膨胀石墨作为锂离子电池负极材料

摘要 以EG和金属铝为原料，通过化学气相沉积（CVD）和球磨法原位合成了嵌入非晶碳包覆铝颗粒（C@Al-EG）复合材料的膨胀石墨。利用扫描电子显微镜、X射线衍射、交流阻抗和首次充放电曲线的表征和分析，研究了C@Al-EG复合材料中不同的Al含量，实验结果表明，性能最好的含量为Al为30重量％。C@Al-EG复合材料作为锂离子电池负极材料表现出高容量、优异的循环稳定性和倍率性能。在 100 mA h/g 的电流密度下，C@Al-EG 复合材料的第一可逆容量为 401 mA h/g，且容量下降速度缓慢，50 次循环后比容量保持在 381 mA h/g。留存率高达95%。