Abstract The demand of high-performance filter media for the face masks is urgent nowadays due to the severe air pollution. Herein, a highly breathable and thermal comfort membrane that combines the asymmetrically superwettable skin layer with the nanofibrous membrane has been fabricated via successive electrospinning and electrospraying technologies. Thanks to high porosity, interconnected pore structure, and across-thickness wettability gradient, the composite membrane with a low basis weight of 3.0 g m−2 exhibits a good air permeability of 278 mm s−1, a comparable water vapor permeability difference of 3.61 kg m−2 d−1, a high filtration efficiency of 99.3%, a low pressure drop of 64 Pa, and a favorable quality factor of 0.1089 Pa−1, which are better than those of the commercial polypropylene. Moreover, the multilayer-structured membrane displays a modest infrared transmittance of 92.1% that can keep the human face cool and comfort. This composite fibrous medium is expected to protect humans from PM2.5 and keep them comfortable even in a hygrothermal environment.

中文翻译：

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具有定向水分传输能力和热辐射的多层结构纤维膜，用于高性能空气过滤

摘要 由于严重的空气污染，当今对用于口罩的高性能过滤介质的需求迫在眉睫。在此，通过连续的静电纺丝和电喷雾技术制造了一种高度透气和热舒适的膜，该膜将非对称超润湿表层与纳米纤维膜相结合。由于高孔隙率、互连的孔结构和全厚度润湿性梯度，3.0 gm−2 的低基重复合膜表现出良好的透气性，278 mm s−1，可比的水蒸气渗透率差异为 3.61 kg m-2 d-1、99.3%的高过滤效率、64 Pa的低压降和0.1089 Pa-1的优良品质因数，优于市售聚丙烯。而且，多层结构的薄膜显示出 92.1% 的适度红外透射率，可以使人脸保持凉爽和舒适。这种复合纤维介质有望保护人类免受 PM2.5 的侵害，并让他们即使在湿热环境中也能保持舒适。