ABSTRACT Magnetic measurements with an unmanned aerial vehicle are ideal for filling the gap between ground and airborne magnetic surveying. However, to obtain accurate aeromagnetic data, the compensation of magnetic effects of the unmanned aerial vehicle is a challenge. Typically, scalar magnetometers are towed several metres under the unmanned aerial vehicle to minimize its magnetic field. In this study, a fluxgate three‐component magnetometer is attached 42 cm in front of the unmanned aerial vehicle at the tip of a composite pipe. Using a scalar calibration, the sensor can be calibrated, and the permanent and induced magnetic fields of the unmanned aerial vehicle can be compensated. The contributions of the magnetic measurements at different altitudes to the unmanned aerial vehicle results were tested over an area of 1 km² in the Northern Vosges Mountains. The area is located in a hamlet surrounded by a forest where few geological outcrops are observed. Three magnetic surveys of the same area are obtained at different altitudes: 100, 30 and 1 m above the ground. The unmanned aerial vehicle magnetic data are compared with a helicopter aeromagnetic survey at 300 m above the ground and a ground magnetic survey using upward continuations of the maps to compare the results. The magnetic maps (300, 100, 30 and 1 m above the ground) show very different magnetic anomaly patterns (e.g. amplitude, shape, wavelength and orientation). The magnetic data at different altitudes improve the understanding of the geology from the local to more general scales.

中文翻译：

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无人机和磁通门磁力计的航空磁测图：一种从现场到区域尺度快速测绘和放大的新方法

摘要 无人机磁测量是填补地面和机载磁测量之间空白的理想选择。然而，要获得准确的航磁数据，无人机的磁效应补偿是一个挑战。通常，标量磁力计被拖到无人驾驶飞行器下方几米处，以最小化其磁场。在这项研究中，一个磁通门三分量磁力计安装在无人机前方 42 厘米处的复合管尖端。使用标量校准，可以校准传感器，并且可以补偿无人机的永久磁场和感应磁场。在北孚日山脉 1 平方公里的区域内测试了不同高度的磁测量对无人机结果的影响。该地区位于一个被森林环绕的小村庄中，几乎没有观察到地质露头。在不同高度获得同一区域的三个磁测量：离地 100、30 和 1 m。将无人机磁数据与地面以上 300 m 的直升机航磁测量和使用地图向上延续的地面磁测量进行比较，以比较结果。磁图（距地面 300、100、30 和 1 m）显示了非常不同的磁异常模式（例如振幅、形状、波长和方向）。