Understanding the preferences of smallholder farmers for contracting can help in making contracts more sustainable. This paper presents the results of a choice experiment (CE) among smallholder farmers in Indonesia to assess their preferences for accepting contracts with modern retail. The CE was based on attributes of actual sales transactions in modern retail and traditional retail channels. A total of 301 vegetable smallholder farmers participated, consisting of 173 farmers participating in traditional markets and 128 in modern retail markets. A random parameter logit model estimates that, in general, smallholders do not prefer contracting with modern retail over spot market selling in traditional retail channels. Most contract attributes are perceived as negative by smallholders. A willingness-to-accept analysis shows that farmers are critical of most contract attributes, particularly those related to quality requirements. Producer organizations (POs) reduce transaction costs and increase smallholders' preference toward contracts. Contract designs that reduce transaction cost, mitigate risks for farmers, provide fair prices, and involve POs are more likely to attract smallholders to modern retail channels. [EconLit Citations: D23, O13, Q13].

中文翻译：

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印度尼西亚农民在与现代零售业签约时的偏好：一项选择实验

了解小农对签订合同的偏好有助于使合同更具可持续性。本文介绍了印度尼西亚小农选择实验 (CE) 的结果，以评估他们接受现代零售合同的偏好。CE基于现代零售和传统零售渠道中实际销售交易的属性。共有301名蔬菜小农参加，其中传统市场的173名农民和现代零售市场的128名农民。随机参数 logit 模型估计，与传统零售渠道的现货市场销售相比，小农一般不喜欢与现代零售签订合同。大多数合同属性被小农认为是负面的。接受意愿分析表明，农民对大多数合同属性持批评态度，尤其是与质量要求相关的属性。生产者组织 (PO) 降低了交易成本并增加了小农对合同的偏好。降低交易成本、减轻农民风险、提供公平价格并让采购商参与的合同设计更有可能吸引小农进入现代零售渠道。[EconLit 引文：D23、O13、Q13]。