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The Role of Realistic Channel Geometry Representation in Hydrological Model Predictions
Journal of the American Water Resources Association ( IF 2.6 ) Pub Date : 2020-06-10 , DOI: 10.1111/1752-1688.12865
John Brackins 1 , Nishani Moragoda 2 , Azbina Rahman 3 , Sagy Cohen 2 , Christopher Lowry 4
Affiliation  

A key element in hydraulic and hydrologic modeling is the specification of representative channel geometry. For continental‐scale modeling, the large amount of high‐resolution data required, as well as the considerable computational effort needed to incorporate such data, has led to simplifying assumptions such as rectangular or trapezoidal channels for river reaches. The National Water Model (NWM) uses a trapezoidal channel representation for 2.7 million river reaches to forecast water discharge for the entire continental United States. This has created uncertainties in when to initiate hydraulic predictions. The aim of this study is to: (1) evaluate the impact of simplified (NWM trapezoidal) channel geometry representation on hydrological model predictions and (2) suggest an improved representation of channel geometry while maintaining parsimony in model input and runtime. The Hydrologic Engineering Center’s River Analysis System model was used to simulate hydraulic dynamics in three study sites under varying streamflow conditions (including flooding) with four different geometry representations at each site: NWM (trapezoidal), surveyed, and two proposed generalized geometries. Statistical analyses show that more realistic channel geometry improves simulated Muskingum‐Cunge routing parameters and stage/discharge predictions, indicating potential for geometric improvements to enhance hydrological models like the NWM.

中文翻译:

逼真的渠道几何表示法在水文模型预测中的作用

在水力和水文建模中的一个关键要素是代表性通道几何结构的规范。对于大陆规模的建模,所需的大量高分辨率数据以及合并此类数据所需的大量计算工作,已简化了诸如河道的矩形或梯形通道之类的假设。国家水模型(NWM)使用梯形渠道表示270万条河流,以预测整个美国大陆的水流量。这在何时启动水力预测中产生了不确定性。这项研究的目的是:(1)评估简化的(NWM梯形)通道几何图形表示对水文模型预测的影响,以及(2)建议改进的通道几何图形表示,同时保持模型输入和运行时的简约性。水文工程中心的河流分析系统模型用于模拟三个研究地点在不同流量条件(包括洪水)下的水力动力学,每个地点具有四个不同的几何图形表示形式:NWM(梯形),已勘测以及两个拟议的广义几何图形。统计分析表明,更现实的航道几何形状可以改善模拟的Muskingum-Cunge路径参数和水位/流量预测,表明进行几何改进以增强水文模型(如NWM)的潜力。水文工程中心的河流分析系统模型用于模拟三个研究地点在不同流量条件(包括洪水)下的水力动力学,每个地点具有四个不同的几何图形表示形式:NWM(梯形),已勘测以及两个拟议的广义几何图形。统计分析表明,更现实的航道几何形状可以改善模拟的Muskingum-Cunge航路参数和水位/流量预测,表明进行几何改进以增强水文模型(如NWM)的潜力。水文工程中心的河流分析系统模型用于模拟三个研究地点在不同流量条件(包括洪水)下的水力动力学,每个地点具有四个不同的几何图形表示形式:NWM(梯形),已勘测以及两个拟议的广义几何图形。统计分析表明,更现实的航道几何形状可以改善模拟的Muskingum-Cunge航路参数和水位/流量预测,表明进行几何改进以增强水文模型(如NWM)的潜力。
更新日期:2020-06-10
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