Pseudomonas putida is a microorganism of biotechnological interest that—similar to many other environmental bacteria—adheres to surfaces and forms biofilms. Although various mechanisms contributing to the swim‐attach decision have been studied in this species, the role of a 7‐gene operon homologous to the wsp cluster of Pseudomonas aeruginosa—which regulates cyclic di‐GMP (cdGMP) levels upon surface contact—remained to be investigated. In this work, the function of the wsp operon of P. putida KT2440 has been characterized through inspection of single and multiple wsp deletion variants, complementation with Pseudomonas aeruginosa's homologues, combined with mutations of regulatory genes fleQ and fleN and removal of the flagellar regulator fglZ. The ability of the resulting strains to form biofilms at 6 and 24 h under three different carbon regimes (citrate, glucose and fructose) revealed that the Wsp complex delivers a similar function to both Pseudomonas species. In P. putida, the key components include WspR, a protein that harbours the domain for producing cdGMP, and WspF, which controls its activity. These results not only contribute to a deeper understanding of the network that regulates the sessile‐planktonic decision of P. putida but also suggest strategies to exogenously control such a lifestyle switch.

中文翻译：

---

Wsp跨膜复合物介导恶臭假单胞菌游泳附着决定的代谢控制。

恶臭假单胞菌（Pseudomonas putida）是一种具有生物技术意义的微生物，与许多其他环境细菌相似，它会粘附在表面并形成生物膜。尽管已经对该物种的游泳附着决定做出了各种机制的研究，但是与铜绿假单胞菌的wsp簇同源的7基因操纵子的作用仍保持着，后者在表面接触时调节循环di-GMP（cdGMP）的水平。被调查。在这项工作中，P的wsp操纵子的功能。通过检查单个和多个wsp缺失变体并与铜绿假单胞菌互补来鉴定恶臭菌KT2440的同系物，结合调节基因fleQ和fleN的突变，并去除鞭毛调节子fglZ。所得菌株在三种不同碳模式（柠檬酸盐，葡萄糖和果糖）下于6和24 h形成生物膜的能力表明，Wsp复合物对两种假单胞菌都具有相似的功能。在P中。putida的关键成分包括WspR（一种具有产生cdGMP的结构域的蛋白质）和WspF（控制其活性）。这些结果不仅有助于加深对调节P固着-浮游决策的网络的理解。恶臭 但也建议采取外在控制这种生活方式转换的策略。