Abstract In-Situ Resource Utilisation (ISRU) can reduce the mass and cost of planetary missions. The Mars Oxygen ISRU Experiment (MOXIE) on the Mars 2020 rover Perseverance will demonstrate ISRU on Mars for the first time by producing oxygen from atmospheric carbon dioxide via solid oxide electrolysis. To protect the solid oxide electrolysis subsystem from contamination by dust, a High Efficiency Particulate Air (HEPA) filter is used. However, the performance of HEPA filters in Martian atmospheric conditions is not well understood. The theory of filtration was reviewed in the context of filtration of Mars’ atmosphere, and an experimental investigation was carried out to determine the dust loading rate and pressure drop as a function of dust loading and filtration velocity for a flight-representative pleated and baffled MOXIE HEPA filter using wind tunnels and Martian dust simulant. In simulated atmospheric conditions of 10.3 ​mbar carbon dioxide at room temperature with a horizontal wind speed of 3 ​m ​s−1 and filter inlet face velocity of 7.1 ​cm ​s−1, the dust loading rate was (0.19 ± 0.02) mg ​m−2 h−1. This is likely a lower bound: analytical approaches estimate dust loading rates of up to approximately 20 ​mg ​m−2 h−1. The pressure drop Δ P (mbar) as a function of dust loading m (g ​m−2) and filtration velocity U F (cm ​s−1) was Δ P = a m + b U F , where a = 0.0012(1)mbar (g m-2)-1 (cm s-1)-1 and b = 0.063(1) mbar (cm s-1)-1. Due to operation outside the continuum flow regime, pressure drop increased with atmospheric pressure, unlike HEPA filters on Earth where pressure drop is independent of atmospheric pressure. Dust is unlikely to produce a problematic pressure drop for MOXIE, but needs to be considered for large-scale filtration if the benefits of atmospheric ISRU on Mars are to be fully realised.

中文翻译：

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用于原位氧气生产的模拟火星大气过滤

摘要 原位资源利用（ISRU）可以减少行星任务的质量和成本。火星 2020 火星车 Perseverance 上的火星氧气 ISRU 实验 (MOXIE) 将通过固体氧化物电解从大气二氧化碳中产生氧气，首次在火星上展示 ISRU。为了保护固体氧化物电解子系统免受灰尘污染，使用了高效微粒空气 (HEPA) 过滤器。然而，HEPA 过滤器在火星大气条件下的性能还不是很清楚。过滤理论是在火星大气过滤的背景下回顾的，并进行了一项实验研究，以确定使用风洞和火星尘埃模拟物的具有飞行代表性的褶皱和挡板 MOXIE HEPA 过滤器的灰尘负载率和压降作为灰尘负载和过滤速度的函数。在模拟大气条件下，室温下二氧化碳为10.3 mbar，水平风速为3 m s−1，过滤器入口面风速为7.1 cm s−1，载尘率为（0.19±0.02）毫克 m−2 h−1。这可能是一个下限：分析方法估计粉尘负载率高达约 20 mg m-2 h-1。压降 Δ P (mbar) 作为粉尘负载 m (g m−2) 和过滤速度 UF (cm s−1) 的函数为 Δ P = am + b UF ，其中 a = 0.0012(1)mbar (g m-2)-1 (cm s-1)-1 和 b = 0.063(1) mbar (cm s-1)-1。由于在连续流态之外运行，压降随大气压力而增加，这与地球上的 HEPA 过滤器不同，压降与大气压力无关。灰尘不太可能对 MOXIE 产生有问题的压降，但如果要完全实现火星大气 ISRU 的好处，则需要考虑进行大规模过滤。