Ionizing radiation is a genotoxic anthropogenic stressor. It can cause heritable changes in the plant genome, which can be either adaptive or detrimental. There is still considerable uncertainty about the effects of chronic low-intensity doses since earlier studies reported somewhat contradictory conclusions. Our project focused on the recovery from the multiyear chronic ionizing radiation stress. Soybean (Glycine max) was grown in field plots located at the Chernobyl exclusion zone and transferred to the clean ground in the subsequent generation. We profiled proteome of mature seeds by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis. Overall, 15 differentially abundant protein spots were identified in the field comparison and 11 in the recovery generation, primarily belonging to storage proteins, disease/defense, and metabolism categories. Data suggested that during multigenerational growth in a contaminated environment, detrimental heritable changes were accumulated. Chlorophyll fluorescence parameters were measured on the late vegetative state, pointing to partial recovery of photosynthesis from stress imposed by contaminating radionuclides. A plausible explanation for the observed phenomena is insufficient provisioning of seeds by lower quality resources, causing a persistent effect in the offspring generation. Additionally, we hypothesized that immunity against phytopathogens was compromised in the contaminated field, but perhaps even primed in the clean ground, yet this idea requires direct functional validation in future experiments. Despite showing clear signs of physiological recovery, one season was not enough to normalize biochemical processes. Overall, our data contribute to the more informed agricultural radioprotection.

中文翻译：

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受污染的切尔诺贝利环境中的多代生长所带来的压力使大豆恢复


电离辐射是一种具有遗传毒性的人为应激源。它会导致植物基因组发生可遗传的变化，这种变化可能是适应性的，也可能是有害的。由于早期研究报告了一些相互矛盾的结论，因此慢性低强度剂量的影响仍然存在相当大的不确定性。我们的项目重点是从多年慢性电离辐射应激中恢复。大豆（Glycine max）在位于切尔诺贝利禁区的田间种植，并在下一代中转移到干净的土地上。我们通过二维凝胶电泳分析了成熟种子的蛋白质组。总体而言，在现场比较中鉴定出 15 个差异丰富的蛋白质点，在恢复一代中鉴定出 11 个差异丰富的蛋白质点，主要属于储存蛋白质、疾病/防御和代谢类别。数据表明，在污染环境中的多代生长过程中，有害的遗传变化不断积累。在植物晚期测量了叶绿素荧光参数，表明光合作用从放射性核素污染造成的应激中部分恢复。对所观察到的现象的一个合理解释是，低质量资源提供的种子不足，从而对后代造成持续影响。此外，我们假设对植物病原体的免疫力在受污染的田地中受到损害，但甚至可能在干净的地面上启动，但这个想法需要在未来的实验中进行直接的功能验证。尽管显示出明显的生理恢复迹象，但一个季节不足以使生化过程正常化。总体而言，我们的数据有助于更明智的农业辐射防护。