Executive dysfunction in medication-naïve children with ADHD: A multi-modal fNIRS and EEG study,Brain and Development

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Executive dysfunction in medication-naïve children with ADHD: A multi-modal fNIRS and EEG study
Brain and Development ( IF 1.4 ) Pub Date : 2020-09-01 , DOI: 10.1016/j.braindev.2020.05.007
Yoshimi Kaga ₁ , Riyo Ueda ₂ , Miho Tanaka ₂ , Yosuke Kita ₃ , Kota Suzuki ₄ , Yasuko Okumura ₅ , Yuka Egashira ₂ , Yuka Shirakawa ₂ , Shota Mitsuhashi ₂ , Yuzuki Kitamura ₆ , Eiji Nakagawa ₇ , Yushiro Yamashita ₈ , Masumi Inagaki ₂

Affiliation

Department of Developmental Disorders, National Institute of Mental Health, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, 4-1-1 Ogawahigashi-cho, Kodaira, Tokyo 187-8553, Japan; Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, 1110 Shimokato, Chuo, Yamanashi 409-3898, Japan.
Department of Developmental Disorders, National Institute of Mental Health, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, 4-1-1 Ogawahigashi-cho, Kodaira, Tokyo 187-8553, Japan.
Department of Developmental Disorders, National Institute of Mental Health, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, 4-1-1 Ogawahigashi-cho, Kodaira, Tokyo 187-8553, Japan; Cognitive Brain Research Unit (CBRU), Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, 3 Haartmaninkatu, Helsinki 00290, Finland.
Department of Developmental Disorders, National Institute of Mental Health, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, 4-1-1 Ogawahigashi-cho, Kodaira, Tokyo 187-8553, Japan; Faculty of Education, Shitennoji University, 3-2-1 Gakuenmae, Habikino, Osaka 583-8501, Japan.
Department of Developmental Disorders, National Institute of Mental Health, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, 4-1-1 Ogawahigashi-cho, Kodaira, Tokyo 187-8553, Japan; Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Research Fellow, Kojimachi Business Center Building, 5-3-1 Kojimachi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 102-0083, Japan.
Department of Developmental Disorders, National Institute of Mental Health, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, 4-1-1 Ogawahigashi-cho, Kodaira, Tokyo 187-8553, Japan; Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Research Fellow, Kojimachi Business Center Building, 5-3-1 Kojimachi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 102-0083, Japan; Graduate School of Design, Kyushu University, 4-9-1, Shiobaru Minami-ku, Fukuoka 815-8540, Japan.
Department of Child Neurology, National Center Hospital, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, 4-1-1 Ogawahigashi-cho, Kodaira, Tokyo 187-8551, Japan.
Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Kurume University School of Medicine, 67 Asahimachi, Kurume, Fukuoka 830-0011, Japan.

OBJECTIVE Children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) exhibit deficits in executive function. Since there are no clear biomarkers for the disorder, this study aimed to investigate the neurophysiological biomarkers for deficits in executive function in children with ADHD using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) and electroencephalography. METHODS Twenty patients diagnosed with ADHD and 19 typically developing children (TDC; 8-11 years old) were included. Event related potentials (ERPs) were recorded using an electroencephalogram (EEG) and oxygenated hemoglobin concentrations (Oxy-Hb) were recorded using fNIRS during a colored Go/NoGo task, simultaneously. Latencies and amplitudes of NoGo-N2 and NoGo/Go-P3 tasks were measured using EEG. RESULTS Children with ADHD showed significantly decreased Oxy-Hb in the right frontal cortex as well as longer NoGo-P3 latencies and a decreased NoGo/Go-P3 amplitude. There was a significant positive correlation between the Oxy-Hb and NoGo/Go-P3 amplitude. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that children with ADHD experience executive dysfunction. Hemodynamic and electrophysiological findings during the Go/NoGo task might be useful as a biomarker of executive function. SIGNIFICANCE These findings have key implications for understanding the pathophysiology of deficits in executive function in ADHD.

中文翻译：

未接受药物治疗的 ADHD 儿童的执行功能障碍：一项多模式 fNIRS 和 EEG 研究

目标患有注意力缺陷多动障碍 (ADHD) 的儿童表现出执行功能缺陷。由于没有明确的疾病生物标志物，本研究旨在使用功能性近红外光谱 (fNIRS) 和脑电图研究 ADHD 儿童执行功能缺陷的神经生理生物标志物。方法包括 20 名诊断为 ADHD 的患者和 19 名典型发育儿童（TDC；8-11 岁）。使用脑电图 (EEG) 记录事件相关电位 (ERP)，同时在彩色 Go/NoGo 任务期间使用 fNIRS 记录氧合血红蛋白浓度 (Oxy-Hb)。使用 EEG 测量 NoGo-N2 和 NoGo/Go-P3 任务的延迟和幅度。结果患有 ADHD 的儿童右额叶皮层的 Oxy-Hb 显着降低，NoGo-P3 潜伏期延长，NoGo/Go-P3 振幅降低。Oxy-Hb 和 NoGo/Go-P3 振幅之间存在显着的正相关。结论这些结果表明，患有 ADHD 的儿童会出现执行功能障碍。Go/NoGo 任务期间的血流动力学和电生理学发现可能用作执行功能的生物标志物。意义这些发现对于理解 ADHD 执行功能缺陷的病理生理学具有重要意义。结论这些结果表明，患有 ADHD 的儿童会出现执行功能障碍。Go/NoGo 任务期间的血流动力学和电生理学发现可能用作执行功能的生物标志物。意义这些发现对于理解 ADHD 执行功能缺陷的病理生理学具有重要意义。结论这些结果表明，患有 ADHD 的儿童会出现执行功能障碍。Go/NoGo 任务期间的血流动力学和电生理学发现可能用作执行功能的生物标志物。意义这些发现对于理解 ADHD 执行功能缺陷的病理生理学具有重要意义。

更新日期：2020-09-01

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