Bioleaching is regarded as an essential technology to treat low grade minerals, with the distinctive superiorities of lower-cost and environment-friendly compared with traditional pyrometallurgy method. However, the bioleaching efficiency is unsatisfactory owing to the passivation film formed on the minerals surface. It is of particular interest to know the dissolution and passivation mechanism of sulfide minerals in the presence of microorganism. Although bioleaching can be useful in extracting metals, it is a double-edged sword. Metallurgical activities have caused serious environmental problems such as acid mine drainage (AMD). The understanding of some common sulfide minerals bioleaching processes and protection of Amd environment is reviewed in this article.

生物浸提被认为是处理低品位矿物质的一项必不可少的技术，与传统的火法冶金方法相比，其具有低成本和环境友好的独特优势。然而，由于在矿物表面上形成的钝化膜，生物浸出效率不能令人满意。了解微生物存在下硫化物矿物的溶解和钝化机理尤其令人感兴趣。尽管生物浸出法可用于提取金属，但它是一把双刃剑。冶金活动已引起严重的环境问题，例如酸性矿山排水（AMD）。本文综述了对一些常见的硫化物矿物生物浸出过程的理解以及对Amd环境保护的理解。