Since late stage dementia, including Alzheimer's disease (AD), cannot be reversed by any available drugs, there is increasing research interest in the preclinical stage of AD, i.e., subjective cognitive decline (SCD). SCD is characterized by self-perceptive cognitive decline but is difficult to detect using objective tests. At SCD stage, the cognitive deficits can be more easily reversed compared to that of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and AD only if accurate diagnosis of SCD and early intervention can be developed. In this paper, we review the recent progress of SCD research including current assessment tools, biomarkers, neuroimaging, intervention and expected prognosis, and the potential relevance to traumatic brain injury (TBI)-induced cognitive deficits.

中文翻译：

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主观认知下降和相关的认知缺陷。

由于晚期痴呆症（包括阿尔茨海默氏病（AD））无法通过任何可用的药物逆转，因此对AD临床前阶段（即主观认知下降（SCD））的研究兴趣越来越高。SCD的特征是自我感知的认知能力下降，但很难用客观测试来检测。与轻度认知障碍（MCI）和AD相比，在SCD阶段，只有能够对SCD进行准确的诊断和早期干预，才能较容易地逆转认知缺陷。在本文中，我们回顾了SCD研究的最新进展，包括当前的评估工具，生物标志物，神经影像学，干预和预期的预后以及与创伤性脑损伤（TBI）引起的认知缺陷的潜在相关性。