We review an experimental technique used to correct state preparation and measurement errors on gate-based quantum computers, and discuss its rigorous justification. Within a specific biased quantum measurement model, we prove that nonideal measurement of an arbitrary n -qubit state is equivalent to ideal projective measurement followed by a classical Markov process Γ acting on the output probability distribution. Measurement errors can be removed, with rigorous justification, if Γ can be learned and inverted. We show how to obtain Γ from gate set tomography (Blume-Kohout et al arXiv:1310.4492) and apply the rigorous correction technique to single IBM Q superconducting qubits.

中文翻译：

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严格的测量误差校正

我们回顾了一种用于纠正基于门的量子计算机上的状态准备和测量误差的实验技术，并讨论了其严格的理由。在特定的偏置量子测量模型中，我们证明了任意n-量子位态的非理想测量都等同于理想的投射测量，然后是经典的马尔可夫过程Γ，其作用于输出概率分布。如果可以学习和反转Γ，则可以通过严格的理由消除测量误差。我们展示了如何从门集合层析成像中获取Γ（Blume-Kohout等人，arXiv：1310.4492），并将严格的校正技术应用于单个IBM Q超导量子位。