Objective: This study examined the synergistic effects of ADHD and anxiety symptoms on attention and inhibitory control depending on the emotional content of the stimuli. Method: Fifty-four typically developing individuals (27 children/adolescents and 27 adults) completed an eye-movement based emotional Go/No-Go task, using centrally presented (happy, angry) faces and neutral/symbolic stimuli. Sustained attention was measured through saccade latencies and saccadic omission errors (Go trials), and inhibitory control through saccadic commission errors (No-Go trials). ADHD and anxiety were assessed dimensionally. Results: Elevated ADHD symptoms were associated with more commission errors and slower saccade latencies for angry (vs. happy) faces. In contrast, angry faces were linked to faster saccade onsets when anxiety symptoms were high, and this effect prevailed when both anxiety and ADHD symptoms were high. Conclusion: Social threat impacted performance in individuals with sub-clinical anxiety and ADHD differently. The effects of anxiety on threat processing prevailed when both symptoms were high.

目的：本研究检查了 ADHD 和焦虑症状对注意力和抑制控制的协同作用，具体取决于刺激的情绪内容。方法： 54 名典型发育个体（27 名儿童/青少年和 27 名成人）使用集中呈现（快乐、愤怒）的面孔和中性/象征性刺激完成了一项基于眼动的情绪化 Go/No-Go 任务。持续注意力通过扫视延迟和扫视遗漏错误（Go 试验），以及通过扫视委托错误（No-Go 试验）的抑制控制来衡量。多动症和焦虑进行了维度评估。结果：升高的 ADHD 症状与更多的委托错误和更慢的愤怒（与快乐）面孔的扫视延迟有关。相比之下，当焦虑症状高时，愤怒的面孔与更快的眼跳发作有关，当焦虑和多动症症状都高时，这种影响占主导地位。结论：社会威胁对亚临床焦虑症和多动症患者的表现有不同的影响。当这两种症状都很高时，焦虑对威胁处理的影响就占了上风。