BACKGROUND Self-efficacy refers to a person´s confidence in carrying out treatment-related activities and constitutes the foundation of self-management as well as long-term follow-up after heart transplantation. Exploring the heart recipients´ experiences by means of self-report instruments provides healthcare professionals with valuable information on how to supply self-management support after heart transplantation. AIMS The aim was to explore self-efficacy in relation to the self-reported level of recovery and psychological wellbeing, among adult heart recipients, one to 5 years after transplantation. METHODS This cross-sectional study includes 79 heart recipients, due for follow-up one to 5 years after transplantation. Three different self-assessment instruments were employed: the self-efficacy for managing chronic disease 6-item scale; the postoperative recovery profile; and the psychological general wellbeing instrument. RESULTS The reported level of self-efficacy was high (median 8.3, maximum score 10). Significantly higher self-efficacy was seen among those who had returned to work (P = 0.003) and those without pre-transplant mechanical circulatory support (P = 0.033). In total, 65.5% (n = 52) reported being reasonably recovered, while 18.8% (n = 12) were not recovered. The median total psychological general wellbeing score was 108 (P25 = 24, P75 = 117), suggesting overall good psychological wellbeing in the whole group of heart recipients. CONCLUSION The heart transplant recipients in our study had an overall high level of self-efficacy. Low self-efficacy was found among those with a low self-reported level of recovery, pre-transplant treatment with mechanical circulatory support or who had not returned to work. This is important information for transplant professionals when helping heart recipients to balance their expectations about recovery.

中文翻译：

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心脏移植后一到五年的自我效能、康复和心理健康：瑞典横断面研究

背景自我效能感是指一个人对进行治疗相关活动的信心，是心脏移植后自我管理和长期随访的基础。通过自我报告工具探索心脏接受者的经历，为医疗保健专业人员提供了有关如何在心脏移植后提供自我管理支持的宝贵信息。目的 目的是探索移植后 1 至 5 年与成年心脏受者自我报告的康复水平和心理健康相关的自我效能。方法 这项横断面研究包括 79 名心脏受者，将在移植后 1 至 5 年进行随访。使用了三种不同的自我评估工具：管理慢性病的自我效能 6 项量表；术后恢复情况；和心理健康工具。结果 报告的自我效能水平很高（中位数 8.3，最高分 10）。在重返工作岗位（P = 0.003）和没有移植前机械循环支持（P = 0.033）的患者中，自我效能感显着提高。总共有 65.5% (n = 52) 的人报告说得到了合理的恢复，而 18.8% (n = 12) 的人没有恢复。总体心理健康总分中位数为 108（P25 = 24，P75 = 117），表明整个心脏受者组的整体心理健康状况良好。结论 我们研究中的心脏移植受者总体上具有高水平的自我效能感。在自我报告的康复水平较低的人中发现自我效能感较低，使用机械循环支持或尚未恢复工作的移植前治疗。这是移植专业人员在帮助心脏接受者平衡他们对康复的期望时的重要信息。