The development of the hippocampus and amygdala is particularly sensitive to environmental factors, including socioeconomic status (SES). Studies that have investigated associations between SES and brain development markers have rarely focused on connectivity. Accordingly, this longitudinal study examined whether SES in infancy (parental education and income-to-needs ratio) predicts the functional connectivity of the hippocampus and amygdala in late childhood, and in turn whether functional connectivity is associated with child socioemotional adjustment in a middle-class sample. SES indices were measured when children (n = 28) were 7 months old. When children were 10 years of age, they underwent a resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging exam, and their school teachers completed a questionnaire assessing child socioemotional adjustment. Whole-brain regression analyses, including left and right hippocampi and amygdalae as seeds and SES indices as predictors, revealed that higher parental education predicted stronger functional connectivity between the left and right hippocampi and the right amygdala with the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex, and between the left amygdala and bilateral angular gyrus, after accounting for child age and sex. In turn, the connectivity of these regions was associated with higher child prosocial behavior. These findings contribute to the emerging literature suggesting that SES is associated with variability in the neural substrates of social abilities in children.
Dev Neurosci

中文翻译：

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婴儿期和发育中的大脑的社会经济地位：海马体和杏仁核的功能连接。

海马和杏仁核的发育对环境因素特别敏感，包括社会经济地位（SES）。研究SES与大脑发育标志物之间关联的研究很少关注连通性。因此，这项纵向研究调查了婴儿期SES（父母的教育程度和收入需求比）是否能预测儿童晚期海马体和杏仁核的功能连通性，以及功能连通性是否与儿童中期的社会情绪调节有关类样本。当儿童（n= 28）7个月大。当孩子10岁时，他们进行了静息状态功能磁共振成像检查，他们的学校老师填写了一份调查表，评估了孩子的社会情绪适应能力。全脑回归分析，包括作为种子的左，右海马和扁桃体和作为预测指标的SES指数，表明较高的父母教育水平可以预测左，右海马体和右杏仁核与背侧扣带回皮层之间以及两者之间的功能连接性更强。计及儿童年龄和性别后，左杏仁核和双侧角回。反过来，这些地区的连通性与较高的儿童亲社会行为有关。
开发神经科学