The characteristics of TiO2 coatings can greatly influence their final performance in large‐scale applications. In the present study, self‐assembly of TiO2 nanoparticles (NPs) in multiple layers was selected as a deposition procedure on various substrates. For this, the main prerequisite constitutes the surface modification of both NPs and substrate with, for example, silane coupling agents. A set of functionalized TiO2 NPs has been produced by reaction with either (3‐aminopropyl)triethoxysilane (APTES) or (3‐aminopropyl)phosphonic acid (APPA) to functionalize the NP surface with free amino‐groups. Then, the complementary functionalized NP set can be obtained from an aliquot of the first one, through the conversion of free surface amino groups to aldehydes by reaction with glutaraldehyde (GA). Several types of TiO2 NPs differing in size, shape, and specific surface area have been functionalized. Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), SEM/ energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy (EDS), XPS, Auger electron spectroscopy (AES), and Time‐of‐Flight (ToF)‐SIMS analyses have been carried out to evaluate the degree of functionalization, all the analytical methods employed demonstrating successful functionalization of TiO2 NP surface with APTES or APPA and GA.

中文翻译：

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用于多层自组装的二氧化钛纳米粒子的有机表面改性和分析

TiO2 涂层的特性可以极大地影响其在大规模应用中的最终性能。在本研究中，选择多层 TiO2 纳米粒子 (NPs) 的自组装作为在各种基材上的沉积程序。为此，主要的先决条件是使用例如硅烷偶联剂对纳米颗粒和基材进行表面改性。通过与（3-氨基丙基）三乙氧基硅烷（APTES）或（3-氨基丙基）膦酸（APPA）反应，用游离氨基官能化NP表面，制备了一组功能化的TiO2纳米颗粒。然后，通过与戊二醛 (GA) 反应将游离表面氨基转化为醛，可以从第一个的等分试样中获得互补的功能化 NP 集。几种类型的 TiO2 NPs 在尺寸、形状、和比表面积已被功能化。傅里叶变换红外光谱 (FTIR)、热重分析 (TGA)、SEM/能量色散 X 射线光谱 (EDS)、XPS、俄歇电子能谱 (AES) 和飞行时间 (ToF)-SIMS 分析具有进行了评估功能化程度，所采用的所有分析方法都证明了 TiO2 NP 表面与 APTES 或 APPA 和 GA 的成功功能化。