Amazonian tucuman (Astrocaryum aculeatum) fruit pulp is consumed directly without heat treatment, and is appreciated in the region of Manaus, Amazonas State, Brazil. The kernel is discarded after pulp removal, resulting in costs related to waste management. This study aimed to perform an estimate on the annual amount of kernels generated by commercialization of tucuman fruit in six markets in Manaus by monthly application of questionnaires to merchants. The yield of edible pulp and kernels were assessed, as well as the yield and characteristics of kernel oil. Fruits consisted of pulp (26% fresh weight) and the coproduct is mainly pyrene (70%), comprising a hard woody endocarp (61%) and an oily kernel (39% dry weight). Kernel oil yield ranged from 28% to 45%. The generated coproducts were estimated as 272 t/y (fresh weight) and approximately 6–10 t/y of lauric oil could be obtained. The main fatty acids were lauric—12:0 (52.3–57.5%) and myristic—14:0 (23.4–27.1%), presenting a similar profile to other lauric oils such as coconut, palm kernel, and babassu oils. Oxidative stability ranged from 20 to 44 hours, which is considered high compared to other lauric oils. The recovery of this coproduct will improve the sustainability of the tucuman chain, providing a new product of Amazonian biodiversity and reducing the environmental impact.

中文翻译：

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作为潜在生物量的土库曼仁油的含量和质量的表征

亚马逊土库曼（Astrocaryum aculeatum）果肉无需热处理即可直接食用，在巴西亚马逊州马瑙斯地区受到赞赏。去除果肉后将果仁丢弃，从而导致与废物管理相关的成本。这项研究的目的是通过向商人每月使用调查表，对马瑙斯六个市场中土库曼水果商业化产生的果仁数量进行估算。评估了可食用果肉和果仁的产量，以及果仁油的产量和特性。水果由果肉（鲜重26％）组成，副产物主要是pyr（70％），包括硬木本内果皮（61％）和油状果仁（干重39％）。仁油收率在28％至45％之间。估计产生的副产物为272吨/年（鲜重），可获得约6-10吨/年的月桂油。主要脂肪酸为月桂酸12：0（52.3–57.5％）和肉豆蔻酸14：0（23.4–27.1％），与其他月桂油（如椰子油，棕榈仁和巴巴苏油）的特征相似。氧化稳定性为20到44小时，与其他月桂油相比被认为是高的。该副产品的回收将改善土库曼链的可持续性，提供亚马逊生物多样性的新产品并减少对环境的影响。