Allergy to insects of the family Tabanidae (order Diptera), commonly called horseflies or deerflies, is anecdotally common, although the published literature is limited to case reports and small case series. This review summarizes the available literature, in which there is enormous variability in clinical detail, identification of species or even genus, and means and thoroughness of assessment of sensitization. The clinical utility of in vivo and in vitro assays remains unclear. Investigation and management of patients reporting anaphylaxis to suspected bites must therefore be pragmatic, by considering other insects (eg Hymenoptera), provision of a written action plan and self‐injectable adrenaline if appropriate, and advice on avoidance.

中文翻译：

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Tabanidae 昆虫（马蝇和鹿蝇）对人类的过敏：文献综述

尽管已发表的文献仅限于病例报告和小型病例系列，但对虻科（双翅目）昆虫（通常称为马蝇或鹿蝇）的过敏在轶事上很常见。本综述总结了现有文献，其中在临床细节、物种甚至属的鉴定以及致敏评估的手段和彻底性方面存在巨大差异。体内和体外检测的临床效用仍不清楚。因此，对报告疑似叮咬过敏反应的患者的调查和管理必须务实，通过考虑其他昆虫（例如膜翅目），提供书面行动计划和适当的自我注射肾上腺素，以及避免建议。