Abstract Background The mechanisms underlying Bacille Calmette-Guerin (BCG) vaccine's protective effects against tuberculosis (TB) are incompletely understood but are proposed to involve a predominantly cell-mediated process. However, there is increasing evidence for the involvement of antibodies in the control of Mycobacteria tuberculosis and in the immune response to BCG. Methods We did a systematic review of studies investigating anti-BCG antibodies in individuals with active or latent TB, and in the response to BCG vaccination. Results Of 1417 articles screened, 70 were relevant, comprising 52 investigating anti-BCG antibodies in TB and 18 investigating the anti-BCG antibody response to BCG-vaccination. Individuals with active TB have higher levels of anti-BCG antibodies compared with individuals with latent TB or healthy individuals. Antibodies to BCG are present after BCG vaccination. There is some evidence for the in utero transfer of maternal anti-BCG antibodies to infants. Conclusions BCG vaccination induces a humoral response. Antibodies targeted against BCG and its antigens may play a role in protection against active TB.

中文翻译：

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抗体在 bacillecalmette guérin 介导的免疫反应和预防人类结核病中的作用：系统评价

摘要背景 卡介苗 (BCG) 疫苗对结核病 (TB) 的保护作用的机制尚不完全清楚，但建议主要涉及细胞介导的过程。然而，越来越多的证据表明抗体参与了结核分枝杆菌的控制和对卡介苗的免疫反应。方法 我们对研究活动性或潜伏性结核病患者的抗 BCG 抗体以及对 BCG 疫苗接种的反应的研究进行了系统评价。结果 在筛选的 1417 篇文章中，有 70 篇相关文章，其中 52 篇研究了 TB 中的抗 BCG 抗体，18 篇研究了抗 BCG 抗体对 BCG 疫苗接种的反应。与潜伏性结核病患者或健康个体相比，活动性结核病患者的抗 BCG 抗体水平更高。接种卡介苗后会出现卡介苗抗体。有一些证据表明母体抗 BCG 抗体在子宫内转移给婴儿。结论 BCG 疫苗接种诱导体液反应。针对卡介苗及其抗原的抗体可能在预防活动性结核病方面发挥作用。