To develop an ecosystem-based approach to fisheries management a holistic perspective is necessary that goes beyond target species management, to preserve ecosystem functioning and, therefore, secure future food availability. To achieve these objectives, current fishery data collection programmes should widen their objectives to include the collection of ecosystem descriptors to effectively take advantage of funding and human resources in relation to fisheries monitoring already in place. From an ecological perspective, fishing discards are food subsidies unnaturally available that can profoundly impact the life history traits and population dynamic of seabirds, as well as the structure of the community. In 2015, we took advantage of the Data Collection Framework (DCF) programme, monitoring the Basque trawling fleet, to monitor seabird abundance associated to trawlers as an additional task to be performed by the observers. The main objectives were (1) to develop a standard protocol from an interdisciplinary expert committee, (2) to obtain baseline information of seabird association to trawlers to be able to track changes and (3) to understand seabird abundance in relation to discard facilitation processes based on fishing parameters. Based on the developed standard protocol, more than 21 species of seabirds were recorded in 241 fishing hauls in the Bay of Biscay (ICES areas 8abd). This biogeographic area is an important migratory flyway and wintering area, where maximum number of seabirds attending trawlers were recorded between December and April (2015–2019). Based on Generalised Linear Models, seabird abundance was higher in multiple situations: harsher environmental conditions, less available discards, shallower areas, increased period of discard availability, higher number of trawlers simultaneously operating in the same fishing ground, in addition to the months of February and April. The core discarding ground was located in the outer French shelf between the latitudinal range of 44.5ºN and 46ºN, especially for otter trawl fishing. Our approach puts into value the seabird counts that the observers of the DCF can perform systematically, collecting relevant information on the effect of trawling on other biodiversity components such as seabirds. This information will be critical to respond to the application of the reform of the Common Fisheries Policy regarding the effect of the Landing Obligation that seeks fishing sustainability.

为了发展基于生态系统的渔业管理方法，有必要从整体角度出发，超越目标物种的管理范围，以保持生态系统的功能并因此确保未来的粮食供应。为了实现这些目标，当前的渔业数据收集计划应扩大其目标，以包括生态系统描述符的收集，以有效地利用资金和人力资源来进行已经进行的渔业监测。从生态角度看，丢弃渔获物是不自然的粮食补贴，可能对海鸟的生活史特征和种群动态以及社区结构产生深远影响。2015年，我们利用数据收集框架（DCF）计划，监控了巴斯克拖网渔船队，监视与拖网渔船有关的海鸟丰度，这是观察员要执行的一项附加任务。主要目标是（1）从跨学科专家委员会制定标准协议；（2）获得海鸟与拖网渔船的关联的基线信息，以便能够跟踪变化；（3）了解与丢弃促进过程有关的海鸟丰度根据捕鱼参数。根据发达的标准协议，在比斯开湾（ICES地区8abd）的241个渔场中记录了21种以上的海鸟。该生物地理区域是重要的迁徙飞道和越冬区域，在12月至4月之间（2015-2019年）记录了拖网渔船上捕捞海鸟的最大数量。基于广义线性模型，在多种情况下海鸟的丰度更高：除2月和4月这几个月外，环境条件更恶劣，可丢弃的废物较少，区域较浅，可丢弃废物的期限增加，在同一渔场同时作业的拖网渔船的数量也有所增加。堆芯弃土场位于法国外层架，纬度范围为44.5ºN和46ºN之间，特别是对于水獭拖网捕鱼。我们的方法重视DCF观察员可以系统执行的海鸟计数，收集有关拖网对其他生物多样性成分（例如海鸟）的影响的相关信息。这些信息对于响应《共同渔业政策》改革有关寻求捕鱼可持续性的《着陆义务》影响的应用至关重要。除了2月和4月这两个月以外，较浅的地区，丢弃物的有效期延长，在同一渔场同时作业的拖网渔船数量也增加。堆芯弃土场位于法国外层架，纬度范围为44.5ºN和46ºN之间，特别是对于水獭拖网捕鱼。我们的方法重视DCF观察员可以系统执行的海鸟计数，收集有关拖网对其他生物多样性成分（例如海鸟）的影响的相关信息。这些信息对于响应《共同渔业政策》改革有关寻求捕鱼可持续性的《着陆义务》影响的应用至关重要。除了2月和4月这两个月以外，较浅的地区，丢弃物的有效期延长，在同一渔场同时作业的拖网渔船数量也增加。堆芯弃土场位于法国外层架，纬度范围为44.5ºN和46ºN之间，特别是对于水獭拖网捕鱼。我们的方法重视DCF观察员可以系统执行的海鸟计数，收集有关拖网对其他生物多样性成分（例如海鸟）的影响的相关信息。这些信息对于响应《共同渔业政策》改革有关寻求捕鱼可持续性的《着陆义务》影响的应用至关重要。除2月和4月这几个月外，更多的拖网渔船同时在同一渔场作业。堆芯弃土场位于法国外层架，纬度范围为44.5ºN和46ºN之间，特别是对于水獭拖网捕鱼。我们的方法重视DCF观察员可以系统执行的海鸟计数，收集有关拖网对其他生物多样性成分（例如海鸟）的影响的相关信息。这些信息对于响应《共同渔业政策》改革有关寻求捕鱼可持续性的《着陆义务》影响的应用至关重要。除2月和4月这几个月外，更多的拖网渔船同时在同一渔场作业。堆芯弃土场位于法国外层架，纬度范围为44.5ºN和46ºN之间，特别是对于水獭拖网捕鱼。我们的方法重视DCF观察员可以系统执行的海鸟计数，收集有关拖网对其他生物多样性成分（例如海鸟）的影响的相关信息。这些信息对于响应《共同渔业政策》改革有关寻求捕鱼可持续性的《着陆义务》影响的应用至关重要。特别是对水獭拖网捕鱼。我们的方法重视DCF观察员可以系统执行的海鸟计数，收集有关拖网对其他生物多样性成分（例如海鸟）的影响的相关信息。这些信息对于响应《共同渔业政策》改革有关寻求捕鱼可持续性的《着陆义务》影响的应用至关重要。特别是对水獭拖网捕鱼。我们的方法重视DCF观察员可以系统执行的海鸟计数，收集有关拖网对其他生物多样性成分（例如海鸟）的影响的相关信息。这些信息对于响应关于寻求渔业可持续性的着陆义务的影响的共同渔业政策改革的应用至关重要。