This paper presents an experimental study on the thermophysical properties of 40% ethylene glycol-based TiO-AlO hybrid nanofluids. The hybrid nanofluids were prepared for concentrations of 0.02 to 0.1% and temperature of 30 to 80 °C. Nanofluid stability is studied using visual observation, spectral UV–Vis, zeta potential, and results obtained excellent stability. The rheological test was conducted to determine the Newtonian behaviour. The viscosity and thermal conductivity were investigated. Viscosity and thermal conductivity of hybrid nanofluids boost as opposed to the base fluid. The thermal conductivity is improved by 40.86% at 0.1% volume concentration and 80 °C. The hybrid nanofluids have higher thermal conductivity than single TiO and AlO and better heat transfer efficiency with a concentration greater than 0.04%. The newly developed models of viscosity and thermal conductivity are defined with good accuracy from the experimental data. The performance enhancement ratio shows that hybrid nanofluids with a concentration greater than 0.04% are advantageous due to having better efficiency in heat transfer. The combined effects of TiO and AlO nanoparticles on thermal behaviour, compared to viscosity, are more significant. Therefore, the practical application of hybrid nanofluids in heat transfer systems could have a potential influence for its increased thermal conductivity and low viscosity.

中文翻译：

---

40%乙二醇基TiO2-Al2O3杂化纳米流体热物理性质的实验研究


本文对 40% 乙二醇基 TiO-Al2O3 杂化纳米流体的热物理性质进行了实验研究。混合纳米流体的制备浓度为 0.02 至 0.1%，温度为 30 至 80 °C。利用目视观察、紫外-可见光谱、zeta 电位研究纳米流体的稳定性，结果获得了优异的稳定性。进行流变测试以确定牛顿行为。研究了粘度和导热率。与基础流体相比，混合纳米流体的粘度和导热性有所提高。在0.1%体积浓度和80℃下，导热系数提高了40.86%。混合纳米流体比单一TiO和Al2O具有更高的导热率和更好的传热效率，浓度大于0.04%。新开发的粘度和导热率模型是根据实验数据精确定义的。性能增强率表明，浓度大于0.04%的混合纳米流体由于具有更好的传热效率而具有优势。与粘度相比，TiO 和 Al2O 纳米颗粒对热行为的综合影响更为显着。因此，混合纳米流体在传热系统中的实际应用可能会因其提高的导热率和低粘度而产生潜在影响。