Abstract The present research project investigates the hygrothermal performance of four insulation systems for internal retrofitting solid masonry walls with embedded wooden wall plate and beam end. The study was carried out through numerical simulations calibrated with 2–4 years of measurements and material data from a large field experimental in the cool, temperate climate of Lyngby, Denmark. The experiment comprised two 40-foot insulated reefer containers reconfigured with 24 1 × 2 m holes, accommodating the solid masonry walls. The calibrated simulation models were used to investigate several untested design variations which included alternative brick and mortar types, masonry and insulation thickness, indoor moisture load and future climate conditions. The findings indicate that a reduction of the indoor moisture load would improve the hygrothermal performance in the interface between wall and insulation, and in the embedded wooden elements. Increased masonry thickness was seen to make the hygrothermal conditions worse due to increased drying time for the built-in moisture, while in the case of low initial moisture content, increased masonry thisckness improved the hygrothermal performance in the interface and embedded wooden elements. Increased insulation thickness also made the hygrothermal conditions worse. Regarding the brick and mortar types, the results showsed increased relative humidity in the critical locations in the case of high cement mortar compared to low cement mortar. The brick type was however found not to impact the relative humidity levels considerably. Robustness against future climate conditions was seen only for two of the four insulation systems, when combined with exterior hydrophobisation.

中文翻译：

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通过校准数值模拟对实心砌体墙内部改造的四种保温系统进行湿热评估

摘要 本研究项目研究了四种保温系统的湿热性能，用于内嵌木墙板和梁端的实心砖墙改造。该研究是通过数值模拟进行的，该模拟使用 2-4 年的测量数据和来自丹麦林比凉爽温带气候的大型现场实验的材料数据进行校准。该实验包括两个 40 英尺的隔热冷藏集装箱，重新配置有 24 个 1 × 2 m 的孔，以容纳实心砖墙。校准后的模拟模型用于研究几种未经测试的设计变化，其中包括替代砖和砂浆类型、砌体和绝缘厚度、室内湿度负荷和未来的气候条件。研究结果表明，减少室内水分负荷将改善墙壁和绝缘材料之间的界面以及嵌入的木制元件的湿热性能。由于内置水分的干燥时间增加，砌体厚度的增加会使湿热条件变得更糟，而在初始水分含量较低的情况下，砌体厚度的增加改善了界面和嵌入式木质元件的湿热性能。绝缘厚度的增加也使湿热条件变得更糟。关于砖和砂浆类型，结果表明，与低水泥砂浆相比，高水泥砂浆的关键位置相对湿度增加。然而，发现砖的类型不会显着影响相对湿度水平。