A 260 mV start-up charge pump and oscillator applying dynamic bulk-biasing (DBB) for step-up converters in thermal energy harvesting is presented and validated through SPICE simulation. This DBB employs a dynamic substrate control circuit (DSCC) directly controlled by the pump clock. It can dynamically reduce sub-threshold leakages during off-state and increase conduction during on-state. This is necessary for thermoelectric harvesters with output voltages of \(\le \) 300 mV. Performance of this DBB start-up circuit is compared to those of conventional reverse and forward bulk-biasing charge pumps. According to simulated results using the TSMC180 nm CMOS model, DBB reduces kick-start voltage to 225 mV. This proposed circuit has a 1.44\(\times \)–52\(\times \) better overall figure-of-merit (FOM) compared with conventional circuits at a supply voltage of 260 mV. It can generate 50 μW of maximum power with an unregulated output of 2.5 V within 171 μs from cold start-up. This overall improvement in speed, power and pumping efficiency facilitates battery-less solutions in biomedical applications for wearable/implanted micro-devices.

提出了一个260 mV的启动电荷泵和振荡器，在热能收集中为升压转换器应用了动态体积偏置（DBB），并通过SPICE仿真对其进行了验证。该DBB采用了动态基板控制电路（DSCC），该电路直接由泵时钟控制。它可以动态减少断态期间的亚阈值泄漏，并增加导通状态下的传导。这是必要的用的输出电压的热电收割机\（\文件\） 300毫伏。将该DBB启动电路的性能与传统的反向和正向体偏置电荷泵进行了比较。根据使用TSMC180 nm CMOS模型的模拟结果，DBB将启动电压降至225 mV。建议的电路具有1.44 \（\ times \）– 52 \（\ times \）在260 mV的电源电压下，与传统电路相比，它的整体品质因数（FOM）更好。从冷启动开始，它可以在171μs内产生50μW的最大功率，并具有2.5 V的未稳压输出。速度，功率和泵送效率的整体提高促进了可穿戴/植入式微型设备在生物医学应用中的无电池解决方案。