The adverse health effects of trans fatty acids (TFA) are well recognised. The Commission Regulation (EU) 2019/649 specifies that foods should not contain more than 2 g of industrially produced TFA (i-TFA) per 100 g of fat. This study aimed to investigate the fatty acid profile, with focus on TFA and i-TFA, of foods widely consumed in Greece that are purported to contain high TFA concentrations. Sweet and savoury (i.e. non-sweet), prepacked and non-prepacked (i.e. loose) processed foods (N = 140) were sampled. After lipid extraction, the fatty acid profile of each sample was determined by gas chromatography. Estimation of ruminant TFA (r-TFA) was based on butyric acid values. i-TFA was assessed after subtraction of r-TFA from total TFA. Both total and i-TFA contents of cakes, biscuits, croissants and doughnuts on average were low (< 2% of total fat), even though the saturated fat content of some products from these food groups was high. Pies and pastries made with puff and shortcrust pastry had the highest i-TFA content. About 15.7% of all samples had an i-TFA content that exceeded the 2% limit set in foods by the new Commission Regulation (EU) 2019/649. Meat products and French fries had i-TFA levels that did not exceed 1% of total fat. In view of the lack of data on TFA content of foods in Greece, these results highlight the necessity to improve their nutritional quality and provide guidance for planning future targeted inspections regarding the TFA content of foods.

反式对健康的不利影响脂肪酸（TFA）是公认的。欧洲委员会（EU）2019/649条例规定，每100克脂肪中食品所含的工业生产的三氟乙酸（i-TFA）含量不得超过2克。这项研究旨在调查希腊广泛食用的食品中的脂肪酸分布，重点是TFA和i-TFA，这些食品据称含有较高的TFA浓度。对甜味和咸味（即不甜），预包装和非预包装（即散装）加工食品（N = 140）进行采样。脂质提取后，通过气相色谱法测定每个样品的脂肪酸谱。反刍动物TFA（r-TFA）的估计基于丁酸值。从总TFA减去r-TFA后评估i-TFA。蛋糕，饼干，羊角面包和甜甜圈的总含量和i-TFA含量均较低（<总脂肪的2％），即使这些食品组中某些产品的饱和脂肪含量很高。由粉扑和酥皮制成的馅饼和糕点的i-TFA含量最高。所有新样品中约有15.7％的i-TFA含量超过了新的欧盟法规（EU）2019/649所设定的食品中2％的限值。肉制品和炸薯条的i-TFA含量不超过总脂肪的1％。鉴于希腊缺乏食品中TFA含量的数据，这些结果凸显了提高其营养质量的必要性，并为规划未来针对食品中TFA含量的目标检查提供了指导。所有样本中有7％的i-TFA含量超过了新的欧盟委员会法规（EU）2019/649所设定的食品中2％的限值。肉制品和炸薯条的i-TFA含量不超过总脂肪的1％。鉴于希腊缺乏食品中TFA含量的数据，这些结果凸显了提高其营养质量的必要性，并为规划未来针对食品中TFA含量的目标检查提供了指导。所有样品中有7％的i-TFA含量超过了新的欧盟委员会法规（EU）2019/649设定的食品中2％的限值。肉制品和炸薯条的i-TFA含量不超过总脂肪的1％。鉴于希腊缺乏食品中TFA含量的数据，这些结果凸显了提高其营养质量的必要性，并为规划未来针对食品中TFA含量的目标检查提供了指导。