In this study, two carotenoid antioxidants lutein and neoxanthin were investigated for their ability to prevent oxidatively induced DNA damage. A Chlamydomonas reinhardtii alga was used as the natural source of lutein and neoxanthin. Analysis using HPLC with Diode Array Detector (DAD) showed that lutein and neoxanthin were the most abundant carotenoids in the extract of C. reinhardtii. An analysis using GC–MS/MS was performed to measure the damage induced by Fenton reaction to DNA and to evaluate the ability of lutein, neoxanthin and C. reinhardtii extract to inhibit such damage. The results showed that lutein and neoxanthin have the ability to reduce oxidatively induced DNA base damage to less than half of its magnitude. Extract of C. reinhardtii inhibited about 76% of the damage in comparison to control sample. Neoxanthin in lower concentrations than those of lutein proved to be better inhibitor of oxidatively induced DNA damage.

中文翻译：

---

使用超灵敏 GC-MS/MS 分析研究作为标准品以及莱茵衣藻提取物中的叶黄素和新黄质防止氧化诱导的 DNA 碱基损伤的能力

在这项研究中，研究了两种类胡萝卜素抗氧化剂叶黄素和新黄质防止氧化诱导的 DNA 损伤的能力。莱茵衣藻藻被用作叶黄素和新黄质的天然来源。使用带二极管阵列检测器 (DAD) 的 HPLC 分析表明，叶黄素和新黄质是莱茵衣藻提取物中含量最高的类胡萝卜素。使用 GC-MS/MS 进行分析以测量芬顿反应对 DNA 引起的损伤，并评估叶黄素、新黄质和莱茵衣藻提取物抑制此类损伤的能力。结果表明，叶黄素和新黄质能够将氧化诱导的 DNA 碱基损伤减少到一半以下。与对照样品相比，莱茵衣藻提取物抑制了约 76% 的损伤。