Ventriculoperitoneal shunt placement for the treatment of hydrocephalus is one of the most common pediatric neurosurgical procedures. Complications, including infections, catheter obstruction, shunt breakdown, and hemorrhage, have been described in the literature. Occasionally, however, uncommon and devastating complications occur. We report a case of a 10-year-old female patient who at birth underwent surgical closure of lumbar myelomeningocele and placement of a CSF shunt at another center. Her neurosurgical follow-up was poor. She presented at our institution with a history of recurrent pneumonia. Control chest X-rays showed a right pulmonary infiltrate with lung retraction and mediastinal shift. Chest and brain CT scans confirmed the intrapulmonary location of the distal catheter tip and ventricular dilation. Surgical shunt revision was performed with removal of the intrapulmonary catheter and placement of a new intraperitoneal catheter. Subsequently, right pneumonectomy was performed with good postoperative recovery of the patient. Intrathoracic migration of the distal catheter of the CSF shunt is an extremely rare complication that may produce severe morbidity. To our knowledge, there have been no previous reports on extensive lung destruction secondary to intrathoracic and intrapulmonary ventriculoperitoneal shunt migration. In patients with CSF shunts and pulmonary symptoms, intrapulmonary catheter migration should be considered.

腹膜腹腔分流术是治疗脑积水的最常见的儿科神经外科手术之一。在文献中已经描述了并发症，包括感染，导管阻塞，分流器破裂和出血。但是，偶尔会发生罕见的破坏性并发症。我们报告了一个病例，该例为一名10岁的女性患者，该患者在出生时曾接受手术关闭腰椎间盘突出症，并在另一个中心放置了CSF分流器。她的神经外科随访很差。她向我们机构介绍了复发性肺炎的病史。对照胸部X线片显示右肺浸润伴有肺退缩和纵隔移位。胸部和脑部CT扫描证实了远端导管尖端的肺内位置和心室扩张。进行外科分流翻修术，移除肺内导管并放置新的腹膜内导管。随后，进行了右肺切除术，患者术后恢复良好。CSF分流远端导管的胸腔内迁移是一种极为罕见的并发症，可能会导致严重的发病。据我们所知，以前没有关于胸腔内和肺内腹膜-腹膜分流迁移继发的广泛肺部破坏的报道。对于有脑脊液分流和肺部症状的患者，应考虑肺内导管移行。CSF分流器远端导管的胸腔内迁移是一种极为罕见的并发症，可能会导致严重的发病。据我们所知，以前没有关于胸腔内和肺内室腹膜分流迁移继发的广泛肺部破坏的报道。对于有脑脊液分流和肺部症状的患者，应考虑肺内导管移行。CSF分流远端导管的胸腔内迁移是一种极为罕见的并发症，可能会导致严重的发病。据我们所知，以前没有关于胸腔内和肺内腹膜-腹膜分流迁移继发的广泛肺部破坏的报道。对于有脑脊液分流和肺部症状的患者，应考虑肺内导管移行。