The biodegradation and biodetoxification ability of five prominent mycotoxins, namely aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), ochratoxin-A (OTA), zearalenone (ZON), T-2 toxin (T-2) and deoxynivalenol (DON) of Cupriavidus genus were investigated. Biological methods are the most appropriate approach to detoxify mycotoxins. The Cupriavidus genus has resistance to heavy metals and can be found in several niches such as root nodules and aquatic environments. The genus has 17 type strains, 16 of which have been investigated in the present study. According to the results, seven type strains can degrade OTA, four strains can degrade AFB1, four strains can degrade ZON and three strains can degrade T-2. None of the strains can degrade DON. The biodetoxification was measured using different biotests. SOS-chromotest was used for detecting the genotoxicity of AFB1, the BLYES test was used to evaluate the oestrogenicity of ZON, and the zebrafish embryo microinjection test was conducted to observe the teratogenicity of OTA, T-2 and their by-products. Two type strains, namely C. laharis CCUG 53908T and C. oxalaticus JCM 11285T reduced the genotoxicity of AFB1, whilst C. basilensis DSM 11853T decreased the oestrogenic of ZON. There were strains which were able to biodegrade more than two mycotoxins. Two strains degraded two mycotoxins, namely C. metalliduriens CCUG 13724T (AFB1, T-2) and C. oxalaticus (AFB1, ZON) whilst two strains C. pinatubonensis DSM 19553T and C. basilensis degraded three toxins (ZON, OTA, T-2) and C. numazuensis DSM 15562T degraded four mycotoxins (AFB1, ZON, OTA, T-2), which is unique a phenomenon amongst bacteria.

中文翻译：

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Cupriavidus属真菌毒素的生物降解能力


研究了铜霉属黄曲霉毒素 B1 (AFB1)、赭曲霉毒素 A (OTA)、玉米赤霉烯酮 (ZON)、T-2 毒素 (T-2) 和脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇 (DON) 5 种主要真菌毒素的生物降解和生物解毒能力。生物方法是最合适的霉菌毒素解毒方法。 Cupriavidus 属对重金属具有抵抗力，可以在根瘤和水生环境等多个生态位中找到。该属有 17 个模式菌株，其中 16 个已在本研究中进行了调查。结果显示，7个菌株可降解OTA，4个菌株可降解AFB1，4个菌株可降解ZON，3个菌株可降解T-2。这些菌株均不能降解 DON。使用不同的生物测试来测量生物解毒作用。采用SOS-chromotest检测AFB1的遗传毒性，BLYES试验评价ZON的雌激素性，斑马鱼胚胎显微注射试验观察OTA、T-2及其副产物的致畸性。两种典型菌株，即C. laharis CCUG 53908T和C. oxalaticus JCM 11285T降低了AFB1的遗传毒性，而C. basilensis DSM 11853T降低了ZON的雌激素。有些菌株能够生物降解两种以上的霉菌毒素。两个菌株降解了两种霉菌毒素，即 C. metaliduriens CCUG 13724T (AFB1、T-2) 和 C. oxalaticus (AFB1、ZON)，而两个菌株 C. pinatubonensis DSM 19553T 和 C. basilensis 降解了三种毒素 (ZON、OTA、T-) 2) 和 C. numazuensis DSM 15562T 降解四种霉菌毒素（AFB1、ZON、OTA、T-2），这是细菌中独特的现象。