Abstract

Establishing the cross-cultural measurement invariance of psychometric scales is considered an essential step before scale means are compared across cultures. Although the MMPI instruments have been extensively researched, few studies have examined the measurement equivalence of MMPI scales in cross-cultural research. This study examined the measurement invariance of MMPI-2-RF Restructured Clinical Scale 4 (RC4; Antisocial Behavior) using multi-group confirmatory factor analysis with American and Korean clinical samples by (a) comparing a rationally-derived four-factor model (School Problems, Substance Abuse, Family Problems, and Violation of Social Norms) with a one-factor model, and (b) examining the measurement invariance of the RC4 four-factor model. After adjusting for age and gender, partial scalar invariance was achieved, and six non-invariant items were identified, most of which centered around substance abuse. Results support the generalizability of the four factors across cultures; however, special attention is needed when using substance abuse items with Korean clinical populations. Plausible sources of item non-invariance were explored in the context of translation challenges and observed patterns of relationship with external measures.

摘要

在跨文化比较量表平均值之前，建立心理测量量表的跨文化测量不变性被认为是必不可少的步骤。尽管 MMPI 工具已被广泛研究，但很少有研究检查跨文化研究中 MMPI 量表的测量等效性。本研究使用多组验证性因素分析对美国和韩国的临床样本进行了 MMPI-2-RF 重组临床量表 4（RC4；反社会行为）的测量不变性分析，方法是 (a) 比较合理推导出的四因素模型（学校问题、药物滥用、家庭问题和违反社会规范）与单因素模型，以及 (b) 检查 RC4 四因素模型的测量不变性。调整年龄和性别后，实现了部分标量不变性，并确定了六个非不变项目，其中大部分集中在药物滥用上。结果支持这四个因素在不同文化中的普遍性；然而，在韩国临床人群中使用药物滥用物品时需要特别注意。在翻译挑战和观察到的与外部措施的关系模式的背景下探索了项目非不变性的合理来源。