Objective

To explore links between biodiversity on all scales and allergic disease as a measure of immune dysregulation.

Data Sources

PubMed and Web of Science were searched using the keywords biodiversity, nature relatedness, allergic disease, microbiome, noncommunicable diseases, coronavirus disease 2019, and associated terms.

Study Selections

Studies were selected based on relevance to human health and biodiversity.

Results

Contact with natural environments enriches the human microbiome, promotes regulated immune responses, and protects against allergy and both acute and chronic inflammatory disorders. These important links to ecopsychological constructs of the extinction of experience, which indicates that loss of direct, personal contact with biodiversity (wildlife and the more visible elements of the natural world), might lead to emotional apathy and irresponsible behaviors toward the environment.

Conclusion

The immune system is a useful early barometer of environmental effects and, by means of the microbiome, is a measure of the way in which our current experiences differ from our ancestral past. Although we would benefit from further research, efforts to increase direct, personal contact with biodiversity have clear benefits for multiple aspects of physical and mental health, the skin and gut microbiome, immune function, food choices, sleep, and physical activity and promote environmental responsibility.

中文翻译：

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蝴蝶扇动翅膀：生物经验的灭绝和过敏的起源。

客观的

探索各种规模的生物多样性与过敏性疾病之间的联系，作为免疫失调的衡量标准。

数据源

使用关键词生物多样性、自然相关性、过敏性疾病、微生物组、非传染性疾病、2019 年冠状病毒病以及相关术语对 PubMed 和 Web of Science 进行搜索。

研究选择

研究的选择是基于与人类健康和生物多样性的相关性。

结果

与自然环境的接触可以丰富人体微生物组，促进调节免疫反应，并预防过敏以及急性和慢性炎症性疾病。这些与经验灭绝的生态心理学结构的重要联系表明，失去与生物多样性（野生动物和自然世界中更明显的元素）的直接、个人接触可能会导致情感冷漠和对环境的不负责任的行为。

结论

免疫系统是环境影响的一个有用的早期晴雨表，并且通过微生物组，可以衡量我们当前的经历与我们祖先的过去的差异。尽管我们将从进一步的研究中受益，但增加与生物多样性的直接个人接触的努力对于身心健康、皮肤和肠道微生物群、免疫功能、食物选择、睡眠和身体活动等多个方面都有明显的好处，并促进环境责任。