Hyperactivity is a core ADHD symptom that has been both positively and negatively associated with cognition and functional outcomes. The reason for these conflicting findings is unclear but may relate to subjective assessments that conflate excess physical movement (hyperactivity) with verbally intrusive/impulsive behaviors. The current study adopted a model-driven, rational-empirical approach to distinguish excess physical movement symptoms from other, auditorily perceived behaviors assessed under the "hyperactivity/impulsivity" umbrella. We then tested this alternative conceptualization's fit, reliability, replicability, convergent/divergent validity via actigraphy, and generalizability across informants (parents, teachers) in a well-characterized, clinically evaluated sample of 132 children ages 8-13 years (M = 10.34, SD = 1.51; 47 girls; 67% White/non-Hispanic). The current DSM hyperactivity/impulsivity item pool can be reliably reclassified by knowledgeable judges into items reflecting excess physical movement (visual hyperactivity) and auditory interruptions (verbal intrusion). This bifactor structure showed evidence for multidimensionality and superior model fit relative to traditional hyperactivity/impulsivity models. The resultant visual hyperactivity factor was reliable, replicable, and showed strong convergent validity evidence via associations with objectively assessed hyperactivity. The verbal intrusion factor also showed evidence for reliability and explained a substantive portion of reliable variance, but demonstrated lower estimated replicability. These findings provide preliminary support for conceptualizing ADHD symptoms from the perspective of their cognitive-perceptual impact on others, as well as differentiating excess physical movement (hyperactivity) from other behaviors assessed under the hyperactivity/impulsivity umbrella. "Verbal intrusion" appears to provide a better explanation than "impulsivity" for the reliable, non-hyperactivity variance assessed by these items, but the current item set appears insufficient for replicable measurement of this construct. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).

中文翻译：

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重新思考儿科多动症的多动症：从知情者感知过程的角度重新概念化多动症/冲动的初步证据。


多动症是多动症的核心症状，与认知和功能结果呈正相关和负相关。这些相互矛盾的发现的原因尚不清楚，但可能与主观评估有关，该主观评估将过度的身体运动（多动）与言语侵入/冲动行为混为一谈。目前的研究采用了模型驱动的理性经验方法来区分过度的身体运动症状和在“多动/冲动”保护伞下评估的其他听觉感知行为。然后，我们在 132 名 8-13 岁儿童（M = 10.34，M = 10.34， SD = 1.51；47 名女孩；67% 是白人/非西班牙裔）。当前的 DSM 多动/冲动项目库可以由知识渊博的法官可靠地重新分类为反映过度身体运动（视觉多动）和听觉中断（言语侵入）的项目。相对于传统的多动/冲动模型，这种双因素结构显示了多维性和优越的模型拟合的证据。由此产生的视觉多动因子是可靠的、可复制的，并且通过与客观评估的多动症的关联显示出强大的收敛有效性证据。言语侵入因素也显示了可靠性的证据，并解释了可靠方差的实质性部分，但表现出较低的估计可复制性。 这些发现为从多动症对他人的认知感知影响的角度概念化多动症症状提供了初步支持，并将过度的身体运动（多动）与多动/冲动保护下评估的其他行为区分开来。对于这些项目评估的可靠的、非多动的方差，“言语入侵”似乎比“冲动”提供了更好的解释，但当前的项目集似乎不足以对此结构进行可复制的测量。 （PsycInfo 数据库记录 (c) 2020 APA，保留所有权利）。