Understanding the properties and mechanisms by which antibodies provide protection is essential to defining immunity. Although neutralizing antibodies have been proposed as a potential key mechanism of protection against many viral pathogens, antibodies mediate additional immune functions that may have both protective and pathological consequences. Dissecting these properties against SARS-CoV-2 is likely necessary for defining metrics of immunity that will inform the design of vaccines and therapeutics and improve clinical management. Beyond neutralization, antibodies have immune-modulating functions that can be protective but, in some cases, can enhance pathology. Understanding these functions is critical for the development of safe vaccines and antibody therapies for COVID-19.

中文翻译：

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剖析抗体介导的针对 SARS-CoV-2 的保护。

了解抗体提供保护的特性和机制对于定义免疫至关重要。尽管中和抗体已被提议作为保护许多病毒病原体的潜在关键机制，但抗体介导可能具有保护性和病理性后果的额外免疫功能。剖析这些针对 SARS-CoV-2 的特性对于定义免疫指标可能是必要的，这将为疫苗和疗法的设计提供信息并改善临床管理。除了中和之外，抗体还具有免疫调节功能，可以起到保护作用，但在某些情况下，可以增强病理学。了解这些功能对于开发针对 COVID-19 的安全疫苗和抗体疗法至关重要。