Abstract In this study, core–shell particles were prepared as a hybrid material, in which a thin polymer shell was formed on the surface of the SiO2 sphere particles. The core–shell structure was successfully achieved without adding a surfactant via simple free-radical polymerization (soap-free emulsion polymerization) for various monomers of styrene, methyl methacrylate (MMA), and their derivatives. MMA formed thin homogeneous shells of polymer (PMMA) less than 100 nm in thickness with complete surface coverage and a very smooth shell surface. The obtained shell morphology strongly depended on the monomers, which suggests different shell formation mechanisms with respect to the monomers. It was found that the cross-linking monomer 1,4-divinylbenzene tends to promote shell formation, and the cross-linking reaction may stabilize the core–shell structure throughout radical polymerization. It should also be noted that the present method produced a considerable amount of pure polymer besides the core–shell particles. The glass transition temperatures of the obtained polymer shells were higher than those of the corresponding bulk materials. This result suggests strong interactions at the core–shell interface. Graphical Abstract Core–shell particles with a shell of various polymer materials were prepared via soap-free emulsion polymerization. Unique morphologies that are characteristic to the polymer material were obtained.

中文翻译：

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通过无皂乳液聚合制备的二氧化硅/聚合物核壳颗粒

摘要 在这项研究中，核壳颗粒被制备为一种杂化材料，其中在 SiO2 球颗粒的表面形成了一个薄的聚合物壳。通过简单的自由基聚合（无皂乳液聚合），苯乙烯、甲基丙烯酸甲酯（MMA）及其衍生物的各种单体在不添加表面活性剂的情况下成功实现了核壳结构。MMA 形成厚度小于 100 nm 的聚合物 (PMMA) 薄壳，具有完整的表面覆盖和非常光滑的壳表面。获得的壳形态强烈依赖于单体，这表明关于单体的壳形成机制不同。发现交联单体 1,4-二乙烯基苯倾向于促进壳形成，并且交联反应可以在整个自由基聚合过程中稳定核壳结构。还应该指出的是，除了核壳颗粒之外，本方法还产生了大量的纯聚合物。所得聚合物壳的玻璃化转变温度高于相应块状材料的玻璃化转变温度。该结果表明核壳界面处的强相互作用。图形摘要 具有各种聚合物材料壳的核壳颗粒是通过无皂乳液聚合制备的。获得了聚合物材料特有的独特形态。所得聚合物壳的玻璃化转变温度高于相应块状材料的玻璃化转变温度。该结果表明核壳界面处的强相互作用。图形摘要 具有各种聚合物材料壳的核壳颗粒是通过无皂乳液聚合制备的。获得了聚合物材料特有的独特形态。所得聚合物壳的玻璃化转变温度高于相应块状材料的玻璃化转变温度。该结果表明核壳界面处的强相互作用。图形摘要 具有各种聚合物材料壳的核壳颗粒是通过无皂乳液聚合制备的。获得了聚合物材料特有的独特形态。