Background

It is estimated that on annual basis 40% of the European population is either vitamin D insufficient/deficient. A way to increase the vitamin D intake is to fortify a broader range of foods or by increasing the natural vitamin D content in food sources that already contain vitamin D. Eggs is once again considered part of a healthy varied diet and eggs contain a wide range of micro nutrients including vitamin D.

Scope and approach

Review of production methods to naturally enhance eggs with vitamin D, and discussion of the perspectives of vitamin D enhanced eggs as part of the strategy to increase the dietary intake of vitamin D.

Key findings and conclusions

There are three ways to naturally enhance the vitamin D content in eggs: feeding more vitamin D₃/25(OH)D₃ to the hens, exposing the hens to UVB and exposing liquid egg products to UVB. Naturally enhanced eggs can contribute to increased vitamin D intake. An inter-trial linear relationship between vitamin D₃ in feed and vitamin D₃ in eggs was found. Within the linear range a maximum of 20 μg/100 g yolk was obtained with feed contain 617.5 μg/kg feed. Feed can provide higher levels of vitamin D in eggs than UVB exposure of the hens. However, the European maximum for vitamin D in feed for layers at 80 μg/kg limits the beneficial effect. Vitamin D content in liquid egg products can be tailored by adjusting the UVB dose, however further research is needed.

中文翻译：

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天然增强的鸡蛋作为维生素D的来源：综述

背景

据估计，按年计算，欧洲40％的人口维生素D不足/不足。增加维生素D摄入量的一种方法是强化多种食品或通过增加已经含有维生素D的食物中天然维生素D的含量。鸡蛋再次被认为是健康多样饮食的一部分，鸡蛋包含多种维生素微量营养素，包括维生素D。

范围和方法

回顾天然添加维生素D的鸡蛋的生产方法，并讨论维生素D增强鸡蛋的观点，以此作为增加维生素D饮食摄入量策略的一部分。

主要发现和结论

有三种方式来自然提高在鸡蛋中的维生素含量d：供给更多的维生素d ₃ /25（OH）d ₃到母鸡，露出母鸡UVB和暴露液体蛋制品于UVB。天然增强的鸡蛋有助于增加维生素D的摄入量。一个试验间线性了维生素d关系₃在进料和维生素d ₃在鸡蛋中被发现。在线性范围内，使用含617.5μg/ kg饲料的饲料可获得最大20μg/ 100 g蛋黄。饲料中的维生素D含量要高于母鸡的UVB含量。但是，欧洲饲料中维生素D最高含量为80μg/ kg限制了其有益效果。蛋液中维生素D的含量可以通过调整UVB剂量来调整，但是还需要进一步的研究。